Russian Krismasi Eve Maphikidwe - Sochevnik / Sochelnik

Mpaka ku 1917, Chisinthiko cha ku Russian, Russia chinali dziko lachikhristu la Orthodox. Pamene Soviet Union inayamba kulamulira, kusakhulupirira kuti kulibe Mulungu kunali dongosolo la tsikulo ndi tsiku la Chaka Chatsopano ndi Tsiku la Chaka Chatsopano, zikondwerero zapadziko lonse zidakondweretsedwa ndi changu. Werengani zambiri za Russian Winter Festivals kuno.

Kuchokera mu 1992, komabe, miyambo ndi miyambo yachipembedzo yolemekezeka yowonjezeredwa ikusonyezedwanso momasuka komanso mokondwera. Khirisimasi ya Russian Orthodox ( Rozhdestvo ) imakondwerera pa kalendala ya Julian ya Jan. 7 chaka chilichonse. Masika a Khirisimasi ku Russia ndi chakudya chomaliza cha Advent monga Ukraine, Poland, ndi mayiko ena a Asilavo. Ku Russia, Mgonero Woyera umenewu umadziwika kuti sochevnik (komanso sochelnik ) kapena Rozhdestvenskyi sochelnik .

Mawu akuti sochevnik / sochlenik amachokera ku mawu akuti sochivo , mbale yomwe imadziwikanso kuti mantha omwe amapangidwa ndi tirigu wophika okoma ndi uchi. Chakudyacho chimangoyamba kokha pamene nyenyezi yoyamba ikuwonekera mu mlengalenga usiku, pokumbukira Nyenyezi ya ku Betelehemu, yomwe inalengeza kuti Khristu Mwanayo adzabadwa.

Mndandanda Waikidwa

Nyerere imafalikira pansi ndi matebulo kuti aimirire modyera mwana wa Khristu, ndipo monga njira yobzala mbewu zabwino za mahatchi kwa chaka chomwe chikubwerako, mofanana momwe zimakhalira phokoso lopangitsa kuti nkhuku zikhale ndi mazira ambiri .

Nsalu yoyera ya tebulo, yophiphiritsira zovala za Khristu, ikuphimba tebulo ndi nyali yoyera yoyera imayikidwa pakati poyimira Khristu monga kuwala kwa dziko lapansi. M'mabanja ena omwe amadya mkate usiku uno, mtanda waukulu wa Lenten mkate, pagach , umayikidwa pafupi ndi kandulo.

Chakudya Chakudya

Advent ndi nthawi ya kusala kudya kotero kuti Mgonero wa Khirisimasi ndi wopanda nyama ndipo kawirikawiri umakhala ndi maphunziro 12 polemekeza atumwi a Khristu. M'madera ovomerezeka kwambiri a Orthodox, nsomba, mafuta a masamba, ndi mowa saloledwa, koma m'mabanja ena, amaloledwa, koma vinyo wofiira yekha, osati mowa kwambiri.

Chakudyacho chimayamba ndi Pemphero la Ambuye, lotsogolera ndi abambo a banja. Pemphero layamiko chifukwa cha madalitso onse a chaka chatha ndikunenedwa ndikupempherera zinthu zabwino m'chaka chomwe chikubwera.

Amayi a banja adalitsa munthu aliyense omwe alipo ndi uchi mwa mawonekedwe a mtanda pa mphumi iliyonse, akuti, "Mu Dzina la Atate ndi la Mwana ndi la Mzimu Woyera, mukhale ndi zokoma komanso zinthu zabwino zambiri m'moyo ndipo m'chaka chatsopano. "

Pambuyo pake, ngati mkate wadya, umathira poyamba mu uchi ndiyeno mu adyo akanadulidwa. Uchi umaimira kukoma kwa moyo, pamene adyo amasonyeza kuwawa kwa moyo.

Atatha kudya, mbale zatsalira zosasamba ndipo mphatso za Khirisimasi zimatsegulidwa. Kenaka banja limapita ku tchalitchi, kubwera kunyumba pakati pa 2 ndi 3 koloko tsiku la Khirisimasi limakhala ndi achibale ndi abwenzi, kudya pa nkhumba yokazinga, kumwa, kuimba ndi kusangalala.

• 01 ya 09

  Kutya / Sochivo

  Kutya kapena sochivo amadziwikanso kutiaa , koljivo, colivă, koliva, ndi zina malinga ndi dziko lomwe mumapezeka .

  Mbalame yoyamba ya Khirisimasi Imeneyi imapangidwa ndi tirigu, tirigu kapena nyemba monga mpunga, balere kapena nyemba, zomwe zimasangalatsa ndi uchi ndipo nthawi zina zimawonjezeka ndi mbewu za poppy , zipatso zouma, ndi mtedza.

  Kudya kudyedwa pa mbale yowonjezera kuti iwonetse mgwirizano ndipo, m'mabanja ena, supuni ya mantha imatayidwa padenga. Ngati ikakamira, mungathe kukolola uchi wambiri.

• 02 a 09

  Msuzi

  M'mayiko a Chisilavo komwe kumasaka mowa ndi kuwasunga mwa kuyanika ndi nthawi yapadziko lonse, ndizomveka kuti msuzi wa mushroom ukhala nthawi yachisanu. Malinga ndi malamulo osala kudya, amapangidwa ndi mafuta m'malo mwa mafuta.

  Mabanja ena amakonda msuzi wa sauerkraut kapena borshch wa zamasamba kapena solyanka zamasamba anali ndi mini ya pelmeni yokha yomwe inadzazidwa ndi kabichi, mbatata kapena bowa mmalo mwa nyama. Mkate wa dumplings uwu umapangidwanso ndi tad ya mafuta koma osati batala.

• 03 a 09

  Zakudya Zosakaniza ndi Zowonongeka

  Zomwe zimatchedwa zakuski zimatsatira msuzi. Izi zakuski zimachokera ku saladi zopangidwa ndi mafuta a masamba kapena, makamaka, mafuta a mpendadzuwa, m'malo mwa mayonesi chifukwa cha kusala kudya, ndi nsomba zofiira, shrimp, ndi masamba monga gherkins, bowa kapena tomato.

  Pickled kabichi kapena sauerkraut ndi nyenyezi pa tebulo la Khrisimasi Eva ndipo imapezeka zambiri mbale, kuphatikizapo kudzazidwa kwa pirozhki ndi zina zina. Nthaŵi zina, amatumizidwa monga saladi ndi cranberries, chitowe, karoti yofiira, mphete anyezi, ndi mafuta a mpendadzuwa. Zomera za "masamba" monga ikra (zofanana ndi Serbian ajvar ) zimatchuka.

• 04 a 09

  Nsomba (ngati Zavomerezedwa)

  Sikuti Akhristu onse a Orthodox amadya nsomba ndi mazira nthawi ya kusala kudya, kotero si mabanja onse omwe amawatumikira pa Mgonero Woyera wa Khirisimasi. Kwa iwo omwe amachititsa, phokoso, cod, carp, eel, whiting, ndi salimoni kutenga malo oyandikana nawo. Zolemba za salimoni monga kulebyaka (zofanana ndi Polish kulebiak) zopangidwa ndi mazira, katsabola, ndi mpunga zingakhale zokoma pa chakudya ichi.

• 05 ya 09

  Nyemba / masamba / masamba

  Nyerere za impso (zozengereza zophika tsiku lonse) zokhala ndi mbatata zowonongeka, adyo wochuluka, mchere, ndi tsabola kuti azilawa, kapena mphodza ya zamasamba yotchedwa Ragu iz Ovoshej ndi zosankha zabwino pa Chakudya cha Khirisimasi.

  Nyemba ndi nyemba zimadziwika bwino chifukwa zimasonyeza chuma ndi chitukuko mu chaka chomwe chikubwera.

• 06 ya 09

  Nthanga / Zipatso / Zomanga

  Mbewu, tirigu, ndi zotsala zimapezeka m'magulu osiyanasiyana pa tebulo lopatulika la mgonero. Buckwheat ndi bowa ndi anyezi, pirozhki yokhala ndi kabichi ndi dzira (ngati chitsimikizocho chiloledwa) ndi zakudya zina zokoma, pelmeni yopanda nyama , mbale ya mpunga, kasha ndi zipatso zouma ndi Zakudyazi zimapatsa patebulo ndikusiyana ndi mabanja ndi mabanja.

• 07 cha 09

  Mkate - Bobal'ki / Loksa / Pagach

  Pali kutsutsana kwakukulu kuti ngati mkatewo ukupezeka konse pa tebulo la Chiyanjano cha Chiyero cha Russia. Ena amanena motsimikiza kuti, ena amati Russia omwe ali pafupi ndi malire a Chiyukireniya ndi Chislovaki nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi bobal'ki kapena loksa . Bobal'ki ndi mbale yotsekemera yomwe imakhala ndi uchi ndi mbewu za poppy kapena zofiira ndi sauerkraut.

  Nkhokwe , yosakaniza ndi mbatata kapena kabichi kudzazidwa, ndi chinthu china cha mkate chomwe chimayambira. Ngati izo zatumikiridwa, izo zimaphatikizidwa ndi mbale ya uchi ndi adyo ya grated kuti idye.

• 08 ya 09

  Vzvar ndi Desserts Zina

  Dessert pa Khirisimasi m'mabanja ovuta kwambiri a Russian Orthodox ndi zipatso zouma komanso mtedza kapena chipatso chophatikizapo chotchedwa vzvar , chomwe chimatanthauza "kuwira" ndipo ali ofanana ndi Kompot Polish . Mtedza wokomawu wopangidwa ndi zipatso zouma, monga maapulo, mapeyala, yamatcheri oyipa, prunes, currants, raspberries, gooseberries, ndi zoumba, zimasakanizidwa ndi uchi ndipo nthawi zina zonunkhira ndi zophika m'madzi. Ndiwo theka lakumwa, zipatso zowonjezera.

  Vzvar ndikumwa mwambo wamtundu wotumikira kukondwerera atsopano, kotero zikuyimira kubadwa kwa Yesu Mwana padziko lapansi. Mabanja ena amatumikira mchere wochuluka monga pryaniki (gingerbread cookies), zoboola zamphongo zoboola pakati za kozuli kapena kolyadki . Kolyadki ndi ma Khrisimasi a Russia omwe amapangidwa, nthawi zambiri, ndi ufa wa rye ndi wodzazidwa ndi curd tchizi. Amapatsidwa mwayi wopita kumalo otchedwa Christmas carolers atavekedwa ngati nyama zodyeramo ziweto zomwe zimayenda khomo ndi khomo kumidzi ya kumidzi akuimba kolyadki .

• 09 ya 09

  Zakudya

  Kwa a Russian Orthodox ena, zakumwa zokhazo zomwe zimaloledwa pa Khirisimasi sizithusa monga tiyi ya Russia yofiira ndi sbiten , chakumwa chachisawawa cha ku Russia chomwe chimapangidwa ndi zipatso zopangira zipatso, uchi, sinamoni ndi zokoma. Amakhala akutentha kwambiri kuchokera ku samovar. Zikhoza kukhala zidakwa mwa kuika vinyo wofiira madzi pamene umakhala mtundu wa vinyo wambiri .

  Chakumwa choledzeretsa china chimene chimakonda kwambiri pa maholide ndi nalivka (yofanana ndi Polish nalwka ) yopangidwa ndi nkhuyu, masiku, walnuts, sinamoni, vanila, cardamom, peel peel ndi shuga yodzala ndi kogogo. Chakumwachi chimapangidwa osachepera masabata atatu asanathe maholide ndipo nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ngati mphatso.