Ngakhale ma vinyo oyera okoma sangakhale chinthu choyamba chomwe chimabwera m'maganizo mukamaganizira za Bordeaux , iwo amatha kukulitsa chipinda chodyera mwa kubweretsa zojambula, maulendo a mtengo wapatali ndi zakudya zosakaniza patebulo. Mavinyo okoma a Bordeaux amapereka pang'ono, koma ndi 2% ya mavinyo omwe akupezeka m'derali.
Ngakhale, malo okongola a vinyo a Bordeaux akulamulidwa ndi mbiri yake ya mayiko a ultra ultra rich, odyetsera a Sauternes (ndi Barsac) ochokera ku Graves district.
Zokambirana za vinyo wotsegula kuchokera ku Bordeaux zimakulitsa njira yoposa Sauternes. Ndipotu pamene Sauternes amayamba kumwa vinyo wambiri , ndi chifukwa chomveka chochokera ku khalidwe lapamwamba kwambiri, (Sauternes imaphatikizapo 43 peresenti ya vinyo wotsekemera wa dera lonse) komanso malo okwera kwambiri. Ma vinyo oyera ochokera ku ma AOC ena 10 omwe ambiri a Bordelais amamwa mowa.
Sauternes ndi Sweet Bordeaux Wine Zigawo
Malo okwera kwambiri a vinyo okongola kwambiri a Bordeaux ali pamtunda wa makilomita makumi awiri kummwera kwa mzinda wa Bordeaux, akuyang'ana mabanki onse a mtsinje wa Garrone ndikuphimba mbali yoyamba ya mtsinje wa Ciron. Madziwa amapereka mzere wokhala ndi mitsempha yambiri yomwe imalimbikitsa kukula kwa Botrytis Cinerea , yomwe imatchedwanso Noble Rot. Pali ma 11 AOCs omwe amasankhidwa omwe amapanga vinyo woyera woyera ku Bordeaux.
Malo okongola kwambiri (komanso okwera mtengo kwambiri) abwino a Bordeaux ndi Sauternes ndi Barsacs, komabe pali zotsika mtengo kwambiri, zopereka za vinyo wotsekemera kuchokera kumadera ang'onoang'ono omwe amabweretsa mabotolo abwino kwambiri kumsika. Monga mbali, mawu akuti "Sauternes" amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikizapo vinyo wotsekemera kuchokera ku dera la Bordeaux; Komabe, pali midzi isanu yokha yomwe imapanga Sauternes (Sauternes, Barsac, Bommes, Fargues, ndi Preignac), ena onse amatchedwa Bordeaux Superior AOC kapena "Sweet Bordeaux."
Botrytis ndi Bordeaux Wines
Mavinyo okoma a Bordeaux angangopangidwa ndi mgwirizano wapadera wa botrytis. Mafangayi amawoneka pamphesa panthawi yozizira, mvula yam'mawa imatsatiridwa ndi kutentha, madzulo ndi mphesa amaloledwa nthawi yochuluka pa mpesa kuti zipse. Botrytis amasintha mawonekedwe a mphesa mwa kuchepa kwa ma asidi ndi kuwonjezera shuga za mphesa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke, zikhale zolimba monga masango obirira. Chinsinsi cha vinyo wokongola wa Bordeaux ndikusamala mosamala.
Popeza botrytis sakhala ndi mitengo yamphesa m'munda wamphesa zokolola zokoma Bordeaux zingatenge miyezi ingapo kuti zidzathe. Chisa-wokolola manja mmitengo ya mipesa kufunafuna mphesa zowonongeka pamene ikuponya chipatso choonongeka. Otolawa amatha kupitirira khumi kuchoka mumunda wamphesa womwewo, posankha yekha chipatso chokongoletsera, masango ndi masango kapena nthawi zina mphesa ndi mphesa, isanafike nthawi yokolola. Ndizosangalatsa kuzindikira kuti mpesa umapangidwa pafupi ndi botolo la vinyo, komabe mtengo wa mpesa wa botrytis umangotulutsa galasi limodzi la vinyo. Ndi zokolola zazing'ono, nthawi yochulukirapo yochulukirapo pakukolola ndi mbeu yomwe ili pa "chiopsezo chachikulu" chifukwa cha nyengo yopsereza, zimveka kuti ogula angapemphedwe kulipira pang'ono vinyo wokoma wa Bordeaux.
Mphesa Zambiri za Sauternes ndi zokoma za White Bordeaux Wines
Madera okha omwe angakulire ku madera okoma a Bordeaux ndi Sémillon (80%), Sauvignon Blanc (15%) ndi Muscadelle (5%). Semillon, yomwe makamaka imayambitsidwa ndi botrytis, ndiyo mitundu yambiri ya mphesa yokoma ya vinyo woyera ku Bordeaux, yokongoletsera mtundu wa golidi wambiri, wokongola kwambiri komanso wokhazikika kwambiri, womwe umapangitsa vinyo kukhala wolemera kwambiri. Sauvignon Blanc amathandizira kuwonjezereka komanso kukhala ndi acidity komanso mafuta abwino. Komabe, Muscadelle amatenga zitsamba kuti zikhale zatsopano, kubweretsa zonunkhira, zamaluwa kumalumikiza.
Kodi Ndizokoma Bwanji Vinyo Wopanga Bordeaux?
Pankhani ya vinyo wokoma, ndi kuchuluka kwa kusuta shuga mu vinyo omwe amatsimikiza kuti vinyo adzakhala okoma bwanji.
Shuga yokhazikika kwenikweni ndi shuga wochokera ku mphesa yomwe yasiyidwa yosasinthidwa ndi mowa mu vinyo wotsiriza. Ku Bordeaux, pali magulu awiri a zotsekemera: mavini moelleux (" wodetsedwa " - vinyo wosasangalatsa ) ndi mipesa liquoreux, (vinyo wotsekemera kwambiri, wokhala ndi shuga wambiri). Ma vinyo osakaniza otsekemera amakhala ndi zigawo zowala kwambiri kusiyana ndi zakumwa zotchedwa liquoreux ndipo zimakhala ndi zipatso zambiri komanso zosalala bwino. Mavinyo a liquoreux amabweretsa mtundu wozama kwambiri komanso umakhala wolimba kwambiri ku chipatso, nthawi zambiri ndi zigawo zobala zipatso ndi uchi wochuluka komanso zakudya zamtundu. Ma vinyo aang'ono adzawonetsa zambiri "zatsopano" ndipo vinyo wakale amayamba kusonyeza mphuno zowonjezera, komabe mawu amtundu wolemera.
Chakudya Chogwirana ndi Vinyo wa Sauternes ndi Sweet Bordeaux
Vinyo wonyezimira wa Bordeaux wa vinyo oyera amawonetsa kudabwitsa kwakukulu kwa mgwirizano wodyera chakudya , chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa acidity. Kuchokera kumtundu wodabwitsa kapena wokometsetsa ukadutsa pa zojambula zakuda za foie gras kapena Roquefort tchizi , kapena ku mawotchi ambiri, ma vinyo okoma a Bordeaux akulonjeza kuti adzakhala oyenerera pakati pawo paulendo wonyenga, kuchokera ku chipatala kuti adye ndi zinthu zambiri pakati.
Vinyo wotsekemera kwambiri amapereka njira yowonjezera ndipo ndi masewera achilengedwe omwe amakonda scallops, nsomba, nkhuku komanso biringanya ndi atitchoku. Ngakhale akulu (mu zaka zapakati pa 5-10) vinyo wotsekemera wamakono omwe amayambira uchi, apurikoti, zonunkhira, ndi amondi. Ndili ndi zaka zambiri pa vinyo, malingaliro a kukoma amachepetseka pamene mawu okometsera amakhala osabisa. Zakale zambirizi zimayenderana bwino ndi zipatso zokhala ndi zipatso, amondi keke, creme brulee ndi zina zotero.
Nsonga Zapamwamba Zothandiza Kutumikira Sauternes ndi Sweet Bordeaux Wines
Kutentha kwabwino kumakhala kofunika kuti chisangalalo chokwanira cha Bordeaux chisamaliro chosankhidwa cha vinyo. Kuwombera mpweya wofiira wa madigiri 45-50 kuti uwonetsedwe bwino kwa vinyo wa vinyo ndi mbiri ya palate. Kuthetsa zitsamba zakale ndizofunikira kwambiri popereka zonunkhira za vinyo .
Monga mankhwala owonjezera, vinyo wotsekemera awa adzapitirira kwa milungu iwiri mufiriji.
Ndani Amene Ali mu Sauternes ndi Pambuyo
Chateau d'Yquem ndi amene amachititsa kuti mbewuzo zizikhala zokongola kwambiri, ndipo zimatchulidwa kuti ndizokhalitsa koyamba, Premier Cru Superior, kuchokera ku Bordeaux's sweet wine areas. Muyenera kugawanika ndi mazana a madola kwa ichi kapena mungathe kuwamvetsa pamwambo wa Bord Bordoaux wa ku Bordeaux mkatikati mwa mzinda wa Bordeaux. Chateau d'Yquem ili ndi kachiwiri, Chateau de Fargues, yomwe imagulitsa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mtengo. Pansi pa dola, mudzapeza zabwino za Sauternes kuchokera ku Chateau Rieussec, Chateau Guiraud, Chateau Lafaurie-Peyraguey, Chateau Clos Haut Peyraguey komanso mtengo wochokera ku Chateau Roumieu Lacoste ndi Chateau d'Arche.
Bordeaux wokoma woyera vinyo nsembe lonjezo kulengeza onse m'kamwa ndi paradigm a iwo amene anasankha kumwa kunja kwa zofunika Bordeaux bokosi. Ndi mitengo yamtundu wathunthu, kuchokera ku zokolola zapadera mpaka kumadera okondedwa, miyala yamtengo wapatali ya vinyo imakhala yotsika mtengo, yofikira komanso yodabwitsa kwambiri.
> Monga momwe zimagwirira ntchito zamakampani oyendayenda, wolembayo anapatsidwa ulendo wodalirika pofuna cholinga choyang'ana deralo. Ngakhale kuti sizinayendepo ndemangayi, TheSpruce.com imakhulupirira kuti zonsezi zimawulula mikangano yosangalatsa. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onani ndondomeko yathu.