Tofu ndi imodzi mwa zakudya zomwe nthawi yomweyo zimapanga magawano pakati pa odyera. Zovuta, zowonongeka, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, ndizozizwitsa zoyera zomwe zimayandama mu madzi ngati chinachake chosakanizidwa, koma sizinafota. Ilo limangoyandama mu madzi, kudula mu phukusi laling'ono monga kuyesera kwa sayansi. Kotero ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Kodi Tofu N'chiyani?
Tofu amapangidwa ndi zinthu zitatu: soya , madzi, ndi coagulant-kawirikawiri nigari (magnesium chloride) kapena gypsum (calcium sulfate).
Mkaka wa mazira, wokonzedwa ndi soya ndi madzi, ndiwotchulidwa kuti tofu momwe mkaka ndizomwe zimayambira ku tchizi. Chophatikizira chimaphatikizidwa ku mkaka wa soy kuti apange makoswe ndi whey, ofanana ndi momwe tchizi amapangidwira. Tofu ndi ofanana ndi tchizi. Mukapangidwa ndi kukonzekera molondola, ndi o, zabwino kwambiri. Ngati siziri bwino, takhala tikubwerera kumalo osungunuka a albino.
Kodi Tofu Amapangidwa Motani?
Kuti mupange tofu, mumafunika zida zambiri ndi mbale, koma osati zambiri. Mofanana ndi kupanga tchizi, njira zambiri zopangira tofu zimadutsa nthawi, koma zimafuna zambiri. Kwenikweni, mutatha mkaka wanu wa soya, mukhoza kupanga tofu pansi pa ola limodzi.
Zotsatira zotsatirazi zakhala zikuchokera pakuwerenga zambiri ndi kuyesa ndi zolakwika.Zopangira zokha zomwe zingasinthe zotsatira zanu zomaliza ndizogwiritsira ntchito. Nigari, yomwe ili ndi kulawa pang'ono komwe anthu ambiri amawafuna, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga izi.
Ngati izi sizomwe mukuzikonda, gypsum imadzetsa kulawa kosavuta ndipo imayambitsa ndondomeko yomweyo, yofiira tofu monga nigari (ndipo imapatsa calcium zambiri ku malo anu, komanso). Maphikidwe ena amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wa Epsom, womwe umamveka bwino chifukwa ulipo, koma umakhala ndi grafu tofu yomwe si yachifundo kapena yolimba.
Musanayambe, khalani kaye ndikukonzekera zinthu, makamaka ngati muli ophika pakhomo omwe amayamba kuwopsya pang'onopang'ono mphika umayamba kuwira. Khalani ndi cheesecloth yanu ndi zida zanu zonse patebulo kapena piritsi musanayambe, ndipo khalani okonzeka kuyima ndikuyang'ana mphika kwa mphindi pafupifupi 15 pamene mukuwonjezera chigamba. Muyeneranso kukhala okonzekera kupanga mapulani monga mapulani a DIY ambiri, tebulo lanu lidzawoneka ngati munapanga zochuluka kuposa chigawo cha tofu mukamaliza.
Khalani opanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe muyenera kuchita kuti zichitike. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito chilichonse monga nkhungu kwa tofu, choncho muzimasuka kuti mupeze luso.
Mkaka Wochuluka Gawo 1: Lembani nyemba
Choyamba, muyenera kupanga mkaka wanu wa soya. Tengani nyemba zouma zosadziwika ndi GMO kuchokera ku sitolo ya chakudya chamagulu chakudya china kapena msika. Mufunikira makapu atatu kuti mupange tofu.
Ikani makapu atatu a soya zouma mu mbale yosanganikirana. Phimbani ndi madzi pafupifupi masentimita awiri. Lolani kwambiri usiku wonse. M'mawa, tani nyemba, ndipo konzekerani kupanga mkaka wa soya.
Tuluka:
- A blender
- Chikho choyera chouma
- Chikho choyezera madzi
- Poto lalikulu
- Chipuni chamatabwa
- Chophikira chosakaniza
- Cheesecloth
- Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga
Mkaka Wotentha Gawo 2: Kokani Ndi Madzi
Malo otsekedwa, soya oviika mu blender ndi makapu 8 a madzi.
Sakanizani mpaka wokoma kwambiri ndi frothy.
Mkaka Wochuluka Khwerero 3: Cook, Kenaka Pewani
Thirani madzi mu mphika wawukulu, ndipo perekani pa chinyezi kutentha pa chitofu. Kuphika, kusonkhezera kawirikawiri ndi kutaya zowononga kapena zithovu, mpaka mpweya, umayamba kuuluka pamwamba pa madzi koma madzi samaphika.
Samalani kuti musatenthe mkaka wanu pano ndipo onetsetsani kuti mukuwongolera nthawi zonse pansi pa mphika wanu ndi supuni yanu yamatabwa - ngati mpweya wanu ukuwotcha pansi, tofu yanu idzalawa zonyansa. Ngati mukuwotcha, tulutsani thumba lanu ndikuyamba.
Mukangoyamba kuyamwa mkaka (monga mowa) ndi kukwera mbali zonse za mphika, pitirizani kutentha nthawi yomweyo ndipo musalole kuti ziwotchedwe. Ikani mzere wanu wokometsera bwino pa mbale yosakaniza (strainer iyenera kukhala pamwamba pa mbale yosakaniza koma osakhudza pansi).
Lembani choponderetsa ndi cheesecloth, ndipo musiye zambiri zomwe zimapachikidwa pamphepete.
Thirani yophika soymilk mu cheesecloth-yodzaza strainer. Lolani izi kuti zizizizira kwa ola limodzi kapena ziwiri kapena mpaka kuziziritsa mokwanira.
Mayi Wochuluka Khwerero 4: Onetsetsani, Kenaka Cook
Pamene mkaka wanu wa soya ndi wozizira, sungani mbali za cheesecloth m'manja mwanu, ndikupanga thumba. Sakanizani mkaka wotsekemera wa soy kuchokera ku zolimba. Mukaka mkaka wonse, muyenera kukhala ndi makapu 8 a mkaka wa soya. Tumizani mkaka wa soya mu mphika, ndi kutaya kapena kusunga zolimba, zotchedwa okara, kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito kuphika.
Kuphika mkaka wa soya kachiwiri, kachiwiri pa sing'anga kutentha. Muziganiza mobwerezabwereza kuti mupewe kutentha. Pamene mpweya umakhala pamwamba pa mkaka wa soya, tchekani kutentha mpaka pansi ndipo simmer kwa mphindi zisanu. Tsopano mwakonzeka kupanga tofu!
Musanapange tofu yanu, onetsetsani kuti zopereka zanu zakhala zikukonzekera.
Tuluka:
- 1 T. coagulant (gypsum kapena nigari)
- Chikho choyezera madzi chodzaza madzi ½ chikho
- Chipuni chamatabwa
- Chophimba choyenera chophika
- Cheesecloth
- Mtundu wa tofu (mwina nkhungu kapena chogwirira ntchito), wodzala ndi zingapo za cheesecloth
- Chophikira chosakaniza
- Pafupifupi mapaundi olemera awiri ndi awiri
Tofu Khwerero 1: Onjezani Coagulant mu Zowonjezera Zinayi
Onetsetsani mkaka wa soya kambirimbiri ndikuchotsa khungu lirilonse lomwe linapanga (mukhoza kudya izi kapena kuzichotsa). Kutseka kutentha. Sakanizani coagulant ndi madzi, kuphatikiza kusungunuka. Onetsetsani mkaka wa soya mwamphamvu kwa masekondi 10, kenaka yikani 1/4 ya chisakanizo cha coagulant, ndikuyambitsa kangapo kenaka ndikunyamula msuzi kuchokera pamphika.
Sakanizani 1/4 1/4 ya coagulant pamwamba pa mkaka wa soya, kenaka muphimbe mphika ndikulola kuti ipitirire kwa mphindi zitatu. Gwiritsani ntchito mkaka wa mchere wa soya kwa masekondi angapo, kenako perekani 1/4 yotsatira ya mkaka pamwamba pa mkaka wa soya. Phimbani mphika kachiwiri kwa mphindi zitatu kapena zisanu. Pewani mkaka wa soya ndikuwatsitsimutsa, kenaka yikani gawo lomaliza la 1/4 la coagulant. Phimbani ndi kumakhala kwa mphindi zitatu.
Pakali pano, mkaka wanu wa soya sayenera kuoneka ngati mkaka wa soya; Muyenera kukhala ndi mphika wa whey wachikasu ndi ma whitish curds.
Tofu Khwerero 2: Sakanizani Whey, Mold the Tofu
Apa ndi pamene zinthu zimasokoneza. Ndi cheesecloth yanu yokhala ndi tofu yokongoletsera kapena yokometsera yokha kumbali yanu komanso kusakaniza kwanu, yambani kulekanitsa ma whey kuchokera kumtunda. Pewani makina ochepa omwe mumakhala nawo osakanikirana nawo, mukanikize pansi pazitsulo zolimba ndikulola whey kudzaza chikho. Gwiritsani ntchito ladle yanu kuti mutenge whey ndikuisamutsira ku mbale yosakaniza. Pitirizani kuchita izi mpaka mapepala atakhala olimba kumbuyo kwa mchenga ndipo mulibe whey kuti muthe kuchoka mumphika.
Tumizani zitsulo mu nkhungu yokonzedwa, kuphimba ndi wosanjikiza kapena awiri a cheesecloth, ikani pamwamba pa nkhungu zanu pamwamba ndikuyika zolemera zanu pamwamba pa izi kuti muzitsitsa. Lolani kuti tofu wanu akhale pansi kwa mphindi 15-25 kuti mutsimikizike kuwonjezera pazomwe muli tofu.
Chochita ndi Tofu
Lembani tofu yanu mu furiji mpaka mutakhazikika mokwanira kudula, kenaka muidule mu cubes ndi kuphika , fry iyo , kapena nthunzi. Ngati mukufuna kudikira masiku angapo, ikani madzi abwino, ozizira kwa masiku atatu. Kapena mukhoza kuwonjezera mchere ndi tsabola pang'ono ndikutumizira nthawi yomweyo ndi mpunga ndi zophimba-ndizochepa pang'onopang'ono, komabe zodzala ndi zokoma za ntchito bwino.
Maphikidwe a Tofu
Nazi zakudya zambiri zomwe mumazikonda zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito tofu :
Chigawo ichi poyamba chinayambira ndi Ashley Adams mu Anchorage Press.