Mafupa a nkhuku mwinamwake ndi nyama yotchuka kwambiri yotengedwa ku America lero. Iwo ali mofulumira, mophweka, mafuta otsika, ndi otchuka konsekonse. Kodi njira zabwino kwambiri zophika ndizophika kuti mukhale ndi nyama zowirira, zokoma komanso zokoma? Werengani ndi kuphunzira momwe mungaphike opanda ubongo, mawere opanda nkhuku.
Ndibwino kuti mupatse nyama yophika nkhuku zophika mapepala ambiri, kuchokera ku nkhuku za saladi monga Chakudya Chakudya Chakudya, Casseroles monga Creamy Mexican Chicken Crockpot ndi Santa Fe Chicken , ndi masangweji.
Kuganizira Kukula
Choyamba, mukamagula zopanda pake, mawere a nkhuku, samalani ndi kukula kwake. Musagule chifuwa chilichonse cha nkhuku ndi fupa ndi khungu lomwe limachotsa ma ola 8 kapena 9. Mabere akulu kwambiri amachokera ku nkhuku, ndipo sangathe kuzimva ngati ataphika m'madzi.
Kuganizira Nthaŵi
Chachiwiri, pali njira ziwiri zoyenera kuphika: kutentha kowuma ndi kutentha kwaubweya. Njira zowotentha zowonjezera zimaphatikizapo kuphika, kukhetsa, kukuta, kupuma, ndi kutentha kwambiri. Njira zowonjezera kutentha zimaphatikizapo microwaving, poaching, kuphika mu zikopa, kuyendetsa, ndi kupumira mofulumira . Ili ndilo lamulo: Pamene mukuphika mawere a nkhuku ndi kutentha kowononga, gwiritsani ntchito kutentha kwakukulu ndikuphika kwa kanthawi kochepa. Pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwaubweya, gwiritsani ntchito kutentha kwakukulu ndikuphika kwa nthawi yaitali.
Tsopano pamene ndikunena motalika, izo sizikutanthauza maola. Mawere a nkhuku ophika amphika maminiti 8 mpaka 10, ndipo poti mawere amatha kuphika pafupifupi mphindi khumi ndi zisanu.
Ndipo apa pali nsonga ina: pamene mukuphika ndi kutentha kowononga, khulani mafupa a nkhuku ku ngakhale makulidwe kotero iwo aziphika mofanana.
Matumbo a nkhuku ali ndi minofu yochepa; Izi zikutanthauza kuti akhoza kuphika mofulumira chifukwa nthawi yophika yowonjezera iyenera kuchepetsa zigawo zovuta sizikufunikira. Amakhalanso ndi mafuta ochepa, omwe amatanthauza kuti akhoza kuuma ngati ataphika kwambiri.
Njira imodzi yowonetsetsera nkhuku yowutsa mudyo, yowuma ndi kutsuka musanaphike. Kuti muyamwitse nkhuku, kanizani mawere a nkhuku mu njira yothetsera mchere ndi madzi kwa ora limodzi mufiriji. Maselo adzatunga madzi kudzera mumthambo.
Kutentha
Akatswiri ambiri amalimbikitsa kuti nkhuku yophika nkhuku ikhale yophika mkati mwa kutentha kwa madigiri 170 F, koma ena amanena kuti madigiri 160 F ndi abwino. Mudzakhala ndi nkhuku zodzikongoletsera ngati mukuphika mpaka madigiri 160. Malingana ndi Dr. O. Peter Snyder, nkhuku imafunika kutentha madigiri 160 F kwa masekondi asanu ndi awiri (5.2) kuti iphe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Tsopano USDA ikuyamikira kuti, chifukwa cha mantha a mbalame, nkhuku ziyenera kuphikidwa kutentha kwa madigiri 165 F. Kumbukirani kuti nyama idzapitiriza kuphika itachotsedwa kutentha; kutentha kwa mkati kudzawuka pafupifupi madigiri 5-10 mu maminiti ochepa oyamba kutentha.
Sankhani kutentha kotsiriza pogwiritsa ntchito zifukwa za thanzi ndi zoopsa za iwo omwe adya nyama. Ngati muli ndi ana aang'ono, anthu okalamba, kapena omwe ali ndi chitetezo cha m'thupi mwanu, sankhani kutentha kwakukulu. Dr. Snyder anandiuza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino kuposa zaka zisanu akhala akulekerera mabakiteriya otsika ndipo sangadwale pamene akutumikira nkhuku yophika kumadera otentha.
Onetsetsani kuti mukuzizira mwamsanga nyamayi ngati mukuisungira kuti mugwiritse ntchito kapena mukuigwiritsa ntchito podulidwa kapena kuponyedwa mu njira ina, makamaka mu chidebe choikidwa mu madzi osamba a madzi. Ndipo gwiritsani nkhuku yophika mufiriji osati masiku 3-4.
Nthaŵi ina ndinafunsidwa chifukwa chake nkhuku iyenera kuphikidwa, pamene steaks ikhoza kutumikiridwa kawirikawiri kapena yaying'ono yosawerengeka. Yankho lake liri mu thupi la nkhuku. Nyamayi ndi yochepa kwambiri kuposa nkhumba, zomwe zimalola mabakiteriya kuti aziyenda mu minofu yonse. Ndipo njira yomwe nkhuku imasinthira imafalikira mabakiteriya. Pomaliza, kuchotsa nthengazi kumapangitsa mabakiteriya kuti alowe muzipangizo ndi nyama. Choncho kuphika nkhuku kuti mukhale otentha mkati mwathu ndipo chakudya chanu chidzakhala chitetezeka nthawi zonse.
Njira iliyonse iyi idzabweretsa mawere a nkhuku owopsa, owopsa komanso ofewa. Tsatirani malangizo mosamalitsa ndi thermometer ya nyama yomwe ili m'manja mwanu ndipo nthawi zonse muzikhala bwino.
Njira Zophika
Mukhoza kuyesa nkhuku zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga njirazi. Ndimakonda kuwonjezera mandimu yokhala ndi magawo amtundu uliwonse, komanso mavitamini atsopano kuti mukhale ndi zina zambiri.
Kusamba
Kuwotcha kumakoka madzi mu thupi la nkhuku ndipo kumathandizanso kukondanso. Sindimawotcha nkhuku zanga chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa chakudya chokhudzana ndi nyama yaiwisi, ndikusowa kutsuka nkhuku yaiwisi ikatha.
Kuti muzitsuka zopanda kanthu, mawere opanda nkhuku, mu mbale yaikulu sungani makapu 4 a madzi ndi 3 Tbsp. mchere ndi 2 Tbsp. shuga, ngati mukufuna, ndi kuyambitsa mpaka mchere ndi shuga zimathera. Onjezerani pachifuwa cha nkhuku kuti mugwirizane, chophimba, ndi refrigerate kwa ola limodzi. Pamene mwakonzeka kuphika, chotsani nkhuku ku brine, tsambani madzi ozizira (iyi ndi nthawi yokhayo yomwe ndikupangira kuthira nkhuku muzama), ndikuphika molingana ndi njira zotsatirazi.
Mukhoza kuyambanso mawere oyamwa. Sakanizani yankho la brine ndikuwonjezera mazira osapsa opanda ubweya. Ikani mufiriji, zophimbidwa, ndipo mulole kuti muime usiku wonse mpaka nkhuku ikutha. Sungunulani bwino pansi pa madzi ozizira othamanga, powuma, ndi kuphika. Santhani kutsitsa kwanu ndi malo oyandikana ndi njira yothetsera bleach mukatha kutsuka nkhuku. Sambani manja anu bwino, ndipo musinthe zovala zanu, chifukwa mabakiteriya omwe ali nkhuku mwina ali pa iwo.
Kuphika m'matumba
Ndimakonda njira yozizira yomwe imaphika, chifukwa pali vuto lalikulu, ndipo mawere amaphika popanda kukonzanso. Lembani uvuni ku madigiri 425. Phulani pepala lolembapo kapena zolembera zolemera pa ntchito yanu ndikukonzekera zopanda phindu, mawere a nkhuku opanda khungu. Pamwamba ndi magawo a mandimu, masamba a bay, kapena zonunkhira ndi zitsamba. Bweretsani m'mphepete mwa mapepala kapena zojambulazo palimodzi palimodzi palimodzi (onetsetsani kuti mukusunga nkhuku mumodzi umodzi), kenaka khalani ndi mpweya kuti mugwire nthunzi. Kuphika pa madigiri 425 kwa mphindi 15-25, malinga ndi chiwerengero cha mawere a nkhuku mukuphika. Gwiritsani ntchito nthawi yayitali ngati mukuphika mabere anayi.
Nkhuku zotentha nkhuku zikhoza kuphikidwa ndi njira iyi. Pewani pepala kapena zojambulazo, kulola kutentha kwa kutentha, ndi kuphika molingana ndi malangizo a phukusi. Mitundu iwiri ya mawere a nkhuku wambiri ndimagula ali ndi zophika zosiyana; wina amaphika kwa mphindi 35, winayo ndi 50. Ine ndimayesa nthawi yophika yochepa ndi thermometer.
Poaching
Poika nyama zopanda phokoso, mawere a nkhuku osaphika, amaikeni mu skillet wamkulu ndikuwonjezera makapu 1-2 kapena msuzi. Bweretsani kuwira, kuchepetsa kutentha, kuphimba, ndi kuphika kwa mphindi 9-14 mpaka nkhuku izifikira madigiri 160 F. pafupi mphindi 15. Mukhozanso kutsegula mu uvuni. Tengani nkhuku mumodzi wosanjikiza mu poto yophika. Mukhoza kuwonjezera magawo a mandimu, peppercorns, kapena zonunkhira kapena zitsamba zina. Bweretsani makapu 4 a madzi kwa chithupsa ndipo muthe kutsanulira nkhuku. Phimbani ndi kuphika pa madigiri 400 F kwa mphindi 20-35, ndikuyang'ana kutentha kwa mkati kwa madigiri 160 F.
Grill
Mukhoza kudya zifuwa za nkhuku, koma muyenera kumvetsera. Mangani moto wosawonekera . Gwiritsani mawere pamoto wotentha poyamba, ndi makala ambiri, mutembenuke iwo mwamsanga pamene amasula mosavuta kuchokera ku grill. Pitani ku mbali yozizira kuti muphike. Onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yamakono yotchedwa meat thermometer yomwe mungagule ku Amazon.com kuti muwone kutentha, ndi kuchotsanso nkhuku ikafika pa madigiri 160 F. Pangani kudya nkhuku mwamsanga mpaka pafupifupi 1/3 "wandiweyani. Izi zidzathandiza mkati kuti uphike usanayambe kuoneka kunja kofiira kapena kutentha. Kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza kudya zifuwa za nkhuku, chonde onani Zophika Zakudya Zophika .
Microwave
Zingakhale zoopsa kuphika nkhuku mu uvuni wa microwave chifukwa uvuni umaphika mopanda. Chigawo chimodzimodzi cha nkhuku chingakhale kutentha kosiyanasiyana pa nthawi yomweyo! Ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino kuposa a zaka zoposa zisanu m'banja mwanu, njirayi ndi yosavuta kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Malo opanda pake, mawere opanda nkhuku mu kapu ya galasi ndi mbali yochepa ya mabere pakati. Thirani kapu 3/4 kapu pa nkhuku, pukutani ndi zitsamba ndi zonunkhira zomwe mwasankha, pepala lakuda ndi pulasitiki, ndi kuphika pamwamba kwa mphindi zitatu. Yang'anani nkhuku, ndiye yikani kuphika kwa mphindi ziwiri. Bwezerani nkhuku pogwiritsa ntchito ziwindi, kuphimba kachiwiri, ndi microwave kwa mphindi 3-5 mpaka nthawi yayitali ndi madigiri 160 F. Chotsani chisakanizo cha mafuta.
Choponderezeka
Nkhumbayi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yophika nkhuku malinga ngati siyikudya. Pakani mawere atsopano, mukani nkhuku mu crockpot, onjezerani 1/2 kapu madzi kapena msuzi wa nkhuku, kuphimba, ndi kuphika pansi kwa maora asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri, ndikukonzanso kamodzi pa nthawi yophika. Pangani maere a nkhuku, okonzerani m'khola, onjezerani 1/2 chikho msuzi kapena madzi, kuphimba, ndi kuphika pansi kwa maola 8 mpaka 9, kukonzanso kamodzi pa nthawi yophika.
Kutentha
Nancy H. anandilembera za kuyamwa mawere a nkhuku amawaza ndi Akazi a Dash. Amanena kuti kutentha kwa mawere osasunthika pamunsi pa steamer kwa mphindi 20 za thawed ndi 30 mphindi zozizira zimapanga zotsatira zokoma.
Sautéeing
Njira yotentha imeneyi ndi yosavuta komanso yosavuta. Ngati mutapinda pachifuwa chochepa, adzaphika pafupifupi mphindi 2-3 pambali pa kutentha kwakukulu. Mabere osayenerera amatenga nthawi pang'ono kuti aziphika; pafupi mphindi 4-5 mbali. Valani skillet mafuta , kutentha pa kutentha kwakukulu, kuwonjezera mawere, kuphika kwa mphindi 4 popanda kuwasuntha, kenako mutembenuke ndi kumaliza kuphika.
Chophika Chophika
Imeneyi ndi njira yotentha yotentha yophika. Onjezerani pachifuwa cha nkhuku kwa wophika, onjezerani anyezi ndi mandimu kuti muzisakaniza pamodzi ndi 1/2 chikho madzi, kuphimba ndi kumphika wophika, ndikubweretsa kukakamizidwa kukwera. Kuphika kwa mphindi 12, kumasula kuthamanga, ndipo fufuzani kutentha kwa mkati. Mukhoza kuphimba, kubweretsa mavuto, ndi kuphika kwa mphindi 2-3 nthawi yaitali ngati kuli kotheka.