Kodi Kudya Nyama "Kusindikiza Mu" Juices?

Kwa zaka zambiri, lingaliro lakuti kuika nyama kunathandiza kupeŵa kutaya kwa madzi kunali kofunika komanso chiphunzitso chophunzitsidwa. Zinali zomveka ndipo zikuwoneka zosagwirizana ndi zochitika za anthu, kotero izo zinavomerezedwa, makamaka popanda kutsutsidwa, kwa pafupi zaka zana.

Zaka zaposachedwapa, pendulum yakhala ikugwedezeka, ndipo anthu ambiri tsopano akulengeza chiphunzitsocho kukhala zopanda pake - nthano, monga fairies kapena leprechauns.

Iwo akhala "atasokonezeka," amatero, mwa "sayansi."

Kulengeza "Debunkers"

Mutha kuzindikira mosavuta umodzi wa "debunkers" ndi mpweya wosiyana kwambiri umene amapeza muzipinda zogwiritsa ntchito mauthenga, mabungwe a mauthenga ndi mablogi - kulikonse kumene kumasuliridwa ndi kutaya kwa chinyontho kukukambidwa.

Zosangalatsa (ngakhale osati, mwinamwake, zodabwitsa), iwo adagula mkati mwazinthu zomwe akuganiza kuti ndizolakwika ndi zomwezo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi iwo omwe ali kumbali ina ya mtsutsano: Iwo amangomva kapena kuwerenga kuti kusindikiza sikusindikiza mu juisi , mudapeza kuti kukangana kukukakamiza, ndikungotulutsa pansi pa "zinthu zomwe ndasankha kukhulupirira."

Vuto lokha ndilo, iwo akulakwitsa.

Ndipo ife tiri pafupi kuti tiwone chifukwa chake. Koma tisanati tichite, tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane chiphunzitso chomwe chimabala zokolola nyama zowononga, kotero ife tikhoza kukhala ndi lingaliro labwino lomwe zomwe abusa akuganiza kuti azinyoza, ndipo pazifukwa zomwe iwo akuganiza kuti azinyoza.

Kuti tichite zimenezi, tifunika kufotokozera zomwe tikutanthauza poyimitsa . Ndilo likulu la funsoli, pambuyo pake, kotero tiyenera kutsimikiza kuti tonse tikukamba za chinthu chomwecho. Tiyeni tiyambire mwachangu kufotokozera zizindikiro za kuphika kotentha .

Kuphika-Kutentha Kwambiri

Kuphika kotentha kumatanthawuza njira iliyonse kumene kutentha kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ku chakudya popanda kugwiritsa ntchito chinyezi.

Zitsanzo zikanatha kutenthetsa chakudya ndi mphepo yozizira, yowuma ngati ng'anjo, kapena kutenthedwa pamoto wotentha.

Pankhani ya nyama, kuphika kowuma kumathandizanso kuti pakhale "kutumphuka" kokongola kwambiri pamtambo. Izi zimayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amatchedwa Maillard , omwe amachititsa kuti maonekedwe a browning ndi kukoma amakwaniritsidwe, ndipo amangochitika kokha kutentha kwa osachepera 310 ° F.

Popeza madzi otentha amakhala otentha pa 212 ° F, njira zophika zamadzi (monga kuyimba kapena kubisa ) sizingapange kutentha kokwanira kuti apange kutsetsereka kwakunja. Njira zokha zophika zowonjezera zimatha, njira zomwe zimaphatikizapo kukhetsa , kukhetsa , kutulutsa -kutsekemera.

Chimodzi mwa njira zomwe zimawonekera kwambiri ndi kuwonetsa nyama yomwe ili pafupi kukonzekera, ngati njira yowonjezera maonekedwe ake ndi kupanga mavotolo a Maillard omwe akukongoletsa okha sangathe. Kawirikawiri, thupi lonse lakunja limawunikira motere, osati pamwamba komanso pansi. Choncho ndi cube ya ng'ombe, mbali zonse zisanu ndi imodzi za cube ziyenera kusindikizidwa.

Koma ndi nyama ife tatsala pang'ono kumangirira, sitikusamala za "kusindikiza mu" timadziti. Nyama yolunjika bwino idzakhala yowuma komanso yowutsa mudyo ngakhale zitakhala zotani. Kuvala pamaso kumangirira chifukwa cha maonekedwe ndi kukoma kokha.

Zomwe zili choncho, sitikudandaula apa ndikukweza monga mukugwiritsira ntchito kuundana kwa nyama musanayambe kumangirira. Zolinga za zokambiranazi, "kutseka" kumatanthawuza kuchitapo kanthu mofulumira kuika nthunzi kapena nyama zina, kutentha kwambiri (ie 450 ° F kapena kupitirira), nthawizina pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta pang'ono, monga gawo la kuphika kumene kumagwiritsa ntchito njira zowuma kokha.

Nenani Vs. Kulimbana

Tsopano popeza talemba tanthawuzo la kuyima, tikhoza kupitiliza kukayesa funso lomwe liri pakati pa kutsutsana kumeneku. Kumbali imodzi ife tiri ndi Lembali:

"Kusunga zisindikizo za nyama mu timadziti."

Ndipo Counterclaim:

"Ayi, sizitero!"

Mavesi a Chimangidwe akhoza kutchulidwa kale mpaka 350 BC, pamene wafilosofi wachigiriki Aristotle analemba kuti:

"... mbali zomwe zili pafupi ndi moto ndizoyamba kukhala zouma ndipo zimakhala zowuma kwambiri. Mwa njirayi, mgwirizano wa kunja wa pores ndi chinyontho mu chinthucho sichikhoza kubisika koma chatsekedwa ndi kutseka kwa pores. "

Zovuta? Uku kuphika kumene tikukamba, osati kukumana ndi kuyeretsa. Tidzanena kuti steak ya New York alibe pores. Koma ngati lingaliro ili la nyama lokhala ndi "pores" ndilo maziko a Counterclaim, a debunkers akhala akutsutsa mfundo yolakwika. Palibe amene akunena mwamphamvu kuti kusindikiza kumathandiza kuchepetsa kutaya kwa madzi mwa kutseka nyama za nyama. Ndipo, perekani Aristotle mpumulo. Anaganiziranso kuti Dzuŵa linazungulira dziko lapansi - kotero kumusankha ndikumangirira ngati kumaliza kuvina kothamanga pambuyo pomenya galu wanu pamakina.

Kugwirizana kwa Von Leibig

Kafukufuku wamakono wamakono amatchulidwa ndi katswiri wa zamalonda wa ku Germany wazaka za m'ma 1900, dzina lake Justus von Leibig, yemwe anali wokhudzidwa ndi zakudya zina.

Mwachindunji, iye ankafuna kuti amvetse zomwe zinachitika ku zakudya zowonjezera chakudya pa njira zosiyanasiyana zophika. Mwachitsanzo, zingatheke bwanji kuti zakudyazi zichoke ndi kuziyika? Inde, von Leibig apita kukapeza kampani ya Oxo, yomwe idakalipo lero monga opanga nyama zakuthengo, ma bouilon cubes ndi zakudya zina zokhudzana ndi zakudya (ngakhale sizigwirizana ndi OXO International, omwe amapanga zida zakhitchini za "Good Grips" ).

Malingaliro ake anali kuti kumiza nyama mu madzi ozizira, kenako pang'onopang'ono kutenthetsa madzi kuti imveke kuphika nyama, zikhoza kuchititsa kuti zakumwa zamkati zamkati (ndipo motero, zakudya ndi zinthu zina zofunika monga zosangalatsa) zimatulutsidwa ya nyama ndi madzi ophikira.

Mosiyana ndi iye, amaganiza kuti, kuphika mwamsanga nyamayi poiika m'madzi otentha kungapangitse cholepheretsa madzi kuti asalowe mkati kapena kunja kwa nyama.

Kotero von Leibig anali kunena za kuphika kapena kuyimitsa nyama, osati kuziwombera. Choncho chosemphana chomwe akufotokoza sichikugwirizana ndi kutumphuka komwe kumapangidwa kudzera mu Maillard. Iye akupezeka kuti wakhala akulakwitsa za chotchinga, koma zolemba za Leibig zinalibe kanthu kochita Chigamulo konse. Mfundo yakuti chiphunzitso chake cha nyama yotentha yadza, m'zaka zambiri, kuti iyanjanitsidwe ndi Chidziwitso, ikuwoneka kuti ndikumvetsetsa kwakukulu.

Zambiri za njira ya "debunkage ndi mgwirizano." Pokhala atatsutsa zoyesayesa zowatsutsa izo pa luso, Chidziwitso chingathe kuweruzidwa pazinthu zokha.

Debunking a Debunkers

Zotsutsana kwambiri ndi Kufunsidwa (kapena lingaliro lakuti kuika nyama kumathandiza "kusindikiza mu" juisi) zikuwoneka kuti zikuyang'ana pa mawu osindikizira , omwe otsutsa amatsutso, "debunkers," akugwira mwaluso ngati umboni wakuti The Claim is false .

Amamva mawu akuti "kusindikiza" ndipo mwadzidzidzi amasanduka Perry Mason: "Eya!" iwo akufuula, ngati kuti angokugwirani inu mumsampha wochepa, chinenero chomwe iwo anali atakhala mosamala ndi mofulumira kwambiri. Zili ngati kuuza wina kuti, "Ndangothamanga kuchokera ku gombe usiku watha," ndikuwauza iwo akudumphira ndikufuula kuti: "Koma simunawuluke konse! The debunkers samawoneka kuti amatha kuthamanga masewera awa.

Kutsutsana Kwambiri

Choyamba, cholinga chachikulu cha kutsutsa kwa debunkers kuzinena kuti "kusindikizira" ndikoti chilichonse chosadziwika kuti ndi chosadziwika bwino sichikutsatiridwa. Chabwino, ndizofuna kutsutsana ndi munthu yemwe sakuyesera kukhala wololera. Iwo akungokangana nanu chifukwa chosangalatsa. Sitikulankhula za kukonza nyama ku Lucite. Ife tikuphika izo, osati kupanga mapepala apamwamba kuchokera mmenemo.

Ndipotu, tidzakondwera kunena kuti kuphika nyama kumapangitsa kuti chinyontho chitayike. Palibe funso pa izo. Koma Chidziwitsochi sichinthu chochita ndi kupanga nyama yopanda madzi. Zonsezi ndizokuti kuika nyama - kuphika mwamsanga chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri ndi mafuta pang'ono - kumathandiza kupewa kutaya kwa madzi . Icho "chimasindikiza," kapena "chimateteza kutayika," chinyezi. Ayi, osati kwathunthu - kungokhalira kuphika njira ina iliyonse .

Ndipo ndilo lingaliro lokhalo loyenera: kaya kusindikiza kumabweretsa steak wochuluka kuposa njira ina iliyonse yophika. Apo ayi, wina anganene kuti sakuphika nyama "zisindikizo zamagulu," zomwe sizikutanthauza kuti zimathandiza kuti mukambirane njira zophika.

Kodi Ndi Nthawi ya "Sayansi" Komabe?

Pakadali pano, Kufunsiranso kumakhalabe kwamoyo komanso bwino. Pakalipano, a debunkers akhala akulephera kulankhula za sayansi. Ndilo lipenga lawo - kapena iwo amaganiza kuti ndilo. Ndipo ife mwinamwake tawapangitsa iwo kuyembekezera motalika mokwanira, kotero tiyeni tizichita izo. Bwanji nanga zonse "sayansi?"

Pamene zikuwonekera, palibe sayansi yenizeni yeniyeni a debunkers akhoza kupempha thandizo. Zabwino zomwe abwera nazo ndi zina mwa "kuyesa:"

1. Yambani ndi steak awiri ofanana. Awatcheni Steak "A" ndi Steak "B."
2. Lembani lirilonse ndikulemba zolemetsa zake.
3. Sear Steak "A" yokha.
4. Tsopano yikani zonse mu uvuni ndikuphika aliyense mpaka kutentha kwake kwa mkati kufika pamtunda wina wokonzedweratu - 135 ° F, tiyeni tinene.
5. Yesani steak iliyonse kachiwiri.
6. Onetsetsani kuti mocheperapo aliyense amayeza tsopano poyerekeza ndi musanaphike, ndikuwonetsani kusiyana kwa peresenti ya kulemera kwawo koyambirira.

Timapemphedwa kulingalira (zomwe ziri, pambuyo pa zonse, zosavuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi kuyesa kuyesa, zomwe zili ndi vuto loti liyenera kuchitanso mobwerezabwereza, pansi pa ma laboratory ndi zonse) kuti steak yamtunda yataya kuchuluka kwake kwa kulemera kwake koyambirira kuposa kosawerengeka.

Iwo amaima mwachidwi, mwinamwake akudikirira kuti iwe ugwe pansi pa mapazi awo, mphamvu zowonjezereka za sayansi yawo.

Zambiri Kwa "Sayansi"

M'malo mwake, chinthu chokhacho kugwa ndikuyesera nokha. Poganiza kuti kutayika kwa madzi ndi chifukwa chokha chimene steak chikhoza kuchepetsera atatha kuphika, ntchitoyi imachoka m'dziko la sayansi ndi azimayi kukhala opanda pake. Sitikuuzidwa chifukwa chake tiyenera kuvomereza kuganiza uku. Sitinauzidwenso kuti ndi lingaliro. Mwinamwake ife sitinkayenera kuwona.

Koma popeza zogwirizana ndi zomwe akuyeserazo zimachokera pa kulemera, kodi sikungakhale kwanzeru kufunsa ngati kuphika kungayambitse mpweya kusiya china? Monga mafuta, mwinamwake? Mwamwayi, kuyesera sikungatengeko kusintha kwa mafuta.

Izi ndizolakwika kwambiri, chifukwa mafuta ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa minofu. Choncho, ma steak osaphika akhoza kuyeza chimodzimodzi, komabe ali ndi mafuta osiyana-siyana. Pamene yophika, mafutawo amatha kulemera kwambiri kuposa wotsamira - ngakhale onse ataphika mofanana. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, zolemera zosiyana zophika pambuyo pakhoza zingakhale zogwira ntchito kwambiri mafuta kusiyana ndi madzi. Koma popanda kulamulira chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mafuta, sitidzadziwa konse.

Poika chitsanzo chomwe mafuta salipo, mapuloteni ndi madzi okha, kuyesa sikungakhaleko konse - osakhala ndi wina aliyense m'mudzi wokhazikika. Potsirizira pake, polephera kukumana ngakhale miyezo yochepa kwambiri ya kuyesera, ndikuyesera nokha yomwe imatha kukhala debunked.

Ndi umboni wodzinenera kuti "debunking" womwe ukutchulidwa kale, The Claim (kapena lingaliro loika nyama limathandiza "kusindikiza mu" juisi) akuyesa yesero lomalizira - kuyesa kukoma . Adani otsutsa, "debunkers," akuitanidwa kutenga nawo mbali.

Mayeso Ovuta

Tangoganizirani kuti mukutsutsana pa imodzi mwa mpikisano wothamanga pa TV. Monga vuto lanu lomaliza, mumapatsidwa steak - ribeye wokongola, wandiweyani kapena steak . Ntchito yanu: Konzani kuti mupange njira yabwino kwambiri yomwe mumadziwira. Ziyenera kukhala zokoma, zokoma komanso zooneka bwino. Ndipo ayi, simukutsutsana ndi galu wanu nthawi ino. Inu mukutsutsana ndi akatswiri ophika omwe amadziwa chinthu kapena ziwiri za kuphika steak. Kodi munga:

1. Fufuzani mofulumira steak pa kutentha kwapamwamba kuti mutulutse mtundu wofiira, kunja, musanatsirize kuphika pamunsi kutentha, kaya mu uvuni, kapena pogwiritsa ntchito grill, broiler kapena sauté pan? Kapena,
2. Gwiritsani ntchito njira ina yophika yomwe mukuganiza kuti ikatulutsa zotsatira zabwino? Poika , mwinamwake? Nanga bwanji kuphika pa papillote? Ndiye kachiwiri, mwinamwake kutembenuka mu microwave kungakhale kopambana.

Kapena, kunena motere: Muyenera kuweruza oweruza awiriwa kuchokera ku kuyesa komwe tawafotokozera poyamba: Steak "A," yomwe inamangidwa poyamba kuti ipange kutumphuka kwabwino kunja asanatsirize mu uvuni, kapena Steak " B, "yomwe inali kuphikidwa mu uvuni popanda kusindikiza. Mwamsanga! Zidzakhala bwanji - Steak "A" kapena Steak "B?"

Makhalidwe anu amakuuzani kuti kudula kwamtundu wa nyama monga nthiti kapena zochepetsetsa zochepa zimayenera kuphika mofulumira, pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha ndi kutentha, kuti asunge ubwino ndi juiciness; ndipo kumenyako kumathandizira kukhala ndi mavitamini komanso mawonekedwe pamene akuwoneka bwino.

Pakadali pano, kuyang'ana pa steak yomwe inaphikidwa mu uvuni popanda kusamba koyamba kumasonyeza mankhwala omaliza omwe ali ovuta, oviira, osapsa, komanso osakhala obiriwira. Chifukwa chakuti kuphika pawekha kumatenga nthawi yaitali kuposa kuphika uvuni asanayambe kufufuza kwambiri. Nthawi yayitali ya uvuni imatanthawuza kuti zida zazikuluzikulu za timadziti zomwe mumayesetsa kuti musungunuke zimatha nthawi yochulukirapo pang'onopang'ono mukuyang'ana minofu yoyandikana nayo. Ife tikuyankhula za chikopa cha nsapato apa. Ndithudi inu simutumikira steak iyo, sichoncho inu?

Kapena kuti muyike njira ina yina: Kodi ndi iti mwazomwe mumafuna kudya? Kodi ndinu wokonzeka kuika maganizo anu pakamwa panu?

Zotsatira ndi Kukulunga

Pamapeto pake, izi zikhoza kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri yosiyanitsira omwe amakhulupiriradi zomwe akukangana, kuchokera kwa iwo omwe akungokhala okondwerera. Ikuwonetsanso njira yochepetsera chidwi cha debunkers pa zomwe akunena kuti kusindikiza sikumapereka mpweya wodula: Ngati muli otsimikiza kuti sitima yosaphika, yophika ndi uvuni ndi yayikulu kwambiri, kuyambira tsopano, ndiyo yokhayo mtundu wa steak inu mumadya.

Zowopsya izo sizikanakhoza kulimbikitsidwa konse. Zingakhale zosangalatsa kumva a debunkers apite chete kwa kanthawi.