Pasika ikhoza kukhala masiku asanu ndi atatu okha (kapena 7, ngati mukukhala ku Israeli), koma holideyo ikuphatikizapo mwambo wochuluka wokhudzana ndi zochitika zovuta zomwe sizili chaka chonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zinthu zikhoza kusokoneza ngakhale anthu omwe aphunzira bwino, ndipo amatha kusokoneza chaka chonse . Wonjezerani miyambo ya minhagim kapena mizinda ya minhagim yomwe imakhalapo pazaka zakubadwa, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kusiyanitsa nthano ndi zenizeni za chifukwa chake komanso momwe angasunge Pasika.
Kwa zaka zambiri, ndakhala ndikuwona zolemba zamtundu uliwonse zokhudzana ndi chakudya cha Pasika, kaya ndi nkhani, mabuku ophika, kapena mafunso omwe owerenga amafunsa. Ndinalemba zina mwazinthu zodziwika bwino pano, komanso ndemanga zokhuza kugwirizana kwenikweni pazinthu zopanda pake za Paskha.
ZOYENERA: Chotupitsa ndi ufa wophika sizimadyerera Paskha chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti chakudya chiwoneke.
Zoonadi: Pamene Torah imanena kuti mkate wofufumitsa umaletsedwa pa Paskha, umangotchula za tirigu, spelled, oats, balere, ndi rye. (Zoonadi, ngakhale mndandanda umenewo sungakhale wolondola, sikuti mbewu zonsezi zinakula mu Israeli wakale.Zikhoza kukhala zovuta kwambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tirigu ndi balere zomwe zimafotokozedwa mu Mishna, ngakhale halacha - Lamulo lachiyuda - limafuna kupeŵa mbewu zonse zisanu zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa.) Mulimonsemo, mbewu izi zimakhala chametz ngati zimasakanizidwa ndi madzi ndipo zimaloledwa kutentha kwa mphindi 18.
Misempha ya jeremusi imakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zimakhala zachilengedwe. Pali mitundu 1500 ya nkhungu zing'onozing'ono, ndipo zimapezeka m'nthaka ndi zomera ndi zokolola, kotero zingakhale zosatheka kupeŵa yisiti ngakhale mutayesa. Taphunzira kugwiritsira ntchito kayendedwe kabwino ka yisiti ndikugwiritsanso ntchito zambiri zowonjezera .
Koma pa nkhani ya chametz, ndi tirigu wofufumitsa, osati yisiti yokha, yomwe imaletsedwa. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, tirigu wosafufumitsa, koma osati othandiza wothandizira chotupitsa, ndi nkhani.
Taganizirani izi: vinyo, womwe uli ndi chotupitsa (kawirikawiri mitsempha yowoneka mwachibadwa yomwe imapezeka pa zikopa za mphesa) ndi yofunika kwambiri pa Paskha Seder. Zozizwitsa zazing'ono zili ndi keke yapamwamba yowonongeka, yomwe imatuluka mothandizidwa ndi azungu ambiri omwe akukwapulidwa. Ndipo pali zakudya zambiri zowonjezera - kuganiza yogurt, tchizi, pickles, ngakhale kimchi yosher - yomwe ndi 100% yopanda Pasika.
Tsono, bwanji simungapezetu chofufumitsa cha Pasaka? Kugulitsa yisiti kumagwiritsa ntchito mbewu ndi / kapena mowa. Ndipo chakudya cha matzo chikaphikidwa kale, kotero kuchokera ku lingaliro la sayansi ya chakudya, izo sizingokhala ndi khalidwe kapena kukhala ndi njira momwe ufa ungakhalire . Ndipotu, ngakhale munthu wina atabwera ndi maphikidwe a Paskha okhudzana ndi yisiti, mwina sipadzakhalanso chosowa chokwanira cha kampani kuti chibweretse msika.
ZOTHANDIZA: Ngati chakudya chimalembedwa kuti "alibe gluten" ndizotetezeka kudya Paskha.
Zowona: Chifukwa chakuti chakudya chimadziwika kuti alibe gluteni sizikutanthauza kuti nthawi zonse amapereka Pasika.
N'zotheka kupeza mafuta otupa, mwachitsanzo, ndi oats makamaka kukhala mu gulu la chametz. Kuwonjezera apo, chimodzi mwa zenizeni za zakudya zamakono zamakono ndikuti kuwonongeka kwa mtanda nthawi zonse kuli kotheka. Malemba samasonyeza bwino nthawi zonse zomwe ziri mu phukusi la chakudya.
ZOTHANDIZA: Popeza mbewu sizitetezedwa pa Pasika, chakudya chonse ndi choyenera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Celiac, kapena ena omwe amafunika kudya zakudya zopanda thanzi.
Zowona: Tsoka ilo, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Celiac akufunikanso kusamala za zomwe amadya pa Pacha. Maphikidwe ambiri amadalira chakudya cha matzo, chakudya cha mkate cha matzo, kapena matzo farfel , zonse zomwe zimapezeka ndi matzo a tirigu. Ngakhale kuti chakudya cha gluten ndi chakudya cha matzo chiripo tsopano, ndi kovuta kubwera ndi mtengo wapatali kusiyana ndi matzo nthawi zonse. Pokhapokha ngati wina akufuna mautembenuzidwe a gluten, mwina sangazigwiritse ntchito.
Pali zosiyana-siyana ngakhale-osati gebrokts mankhwala ndi gluten-wopanda. Ambiri a Chasidim amakhala ndi chizoloŵezi chopewa mazati omwe amapezeka ndi madzi. (Ngakhale kuti matzo sangakhale chametz kamodzi kophika, minhag inayamba chifukwa cha nkhawa kuti matzo osakanikirana ndi madzi akhoza kukhala chametz.) Izi sizikutanthauza mipira ya matzo, zakudya zopangidwa ndi mkate wa matzo kapena matzo cake chakudya, kapenanso chophimba chirichonse chophatikizapo madzi osakaniza ndi mankhwala a matzo. Zimatanthauzanso kuti mankhwala osakaniza kapena gaprokts omwe amapezeka ndi wowuma kapena mbatata m'malo mwa chakudya cha matzo, amakhala otetezeka kwa omwe ayenera kupewa gluten.
ZOYENERA: Mphesa siidyerera Paskha chifukwa ndi njere.
Zowona: Mpunga ndi mbewu ya udzu. Zilibe zosiyana ndi mitundu 5 ya mbewu za chametz, sizikula pafupi ndi chametz mbewu, ndipo sizingakhoze kukhala chametz pogwiritsa ntchito madzi. Ayuda a Sephardi amadya mpunga pa Pasaka, koma Askenazim samatero. Izi zikugwirizana ndi mwambo wa Ashkenazi kupewa peti kitniyot - "zinthu zochepa" zomwe zingasokonezedwe ndi mbewu zosaloledwa.
Pali kutsutsana mu Gemara za udindo wa mpunga. Rabi Yochanan ben Nuri, powona momwe mpunga umathamangira, ankanena kuti ayenera kukhala chametz, ngakhale ena nzeru samatsutsana. M'nthaŵi za pambuyo pa Talimu, pamene lamulo la Ashkenazi loletsa kudya mpunga linayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kudera nkhawa za kuwonongeka kwa mtanda ndi chametz mbewu kunkafunika kwambiri. Ayuda a Sephardi, omwe ankakhala mu mpunga-kudya zikhalidwe, akanakhala akudziwa bwino ndi kupeza mpunga wosadetsedwa. Ayuda a Ashkenazi, komabe, ankakhala m'madera ozizira komwe mpunga sunamere; Mchele wotumizidwa amatha kusungidwa kapena kutumizidwa ndi mbewu za chametz. Mwachidziŵikire, Ayuda a Sephardi amayang'ana mpunga wawo isanafike holide, kuonetsetsa kuti palibe chametz mbewu yomwe imasakanikirana.
ZOYENERA: Zakudya monga nyemba, mpunga, mphodza, ndi zonunkhira zambiri sizikudya Paskha.
Zoona: Apanso, izi zimatsikira ku funso la kitniyot . Ayuda a Sephardi ndi Mizrahi, amadya zakudya zambiri zomwe Ayuda a Ashkenzai ali nazo mwambo wa zaka mazana ambiri kuti asapezeke pa Paskha.
Izi zimaphatikizapo mpunga, nyemba, mphodza, nandolo, chimanga, soya, nyemba zobiriwira, mapeyala, mbewu zina ndi zonunkhira kuphatikizapo sesame, poppy, mpiru, fennel, coriander, caraway, fenugreek, ndi anise.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti Sefadidi ikuphwanya malamulo osokoneza. M'malo mwake, ambiri amanena kuti chizoloŵezi chawo chodyera kitniyot chikugwirizana kwambiri ndi cholinga cha Torah choyambirira pa zakudya zomwe ziloledwa pa Pasach.
Buku lina lotchedwa The Encyclopedia of Jewish Food linanena kuti wolemba mbiri wina wotchuka, dzina lake Rabbi Gil Marks, ananena kuti lamulo loletsa katniyot linali lofala kwambiri ku France. Amuna ambiri amatsutsa motsutsana nazo. Rav Samuel ben Solomon wa Falaise adanena kuti kupeŵa kitniyot ndi "mwambo wolakwika," pamene Rabbenu Yerucham ben Meshulam anali wovuta kwambiri, poyitana minhag kukhala "wopusa".
Komabe, minhag imatenga mphamvu, kotero kuti kusintha kwakukulu kwa nyanja ku halachic kuganiza, nkokayikitsa kuti Askenazim amasiya chizoloŵezi chopewa kitniyot. Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwapa, pakhala pali kayendetsedwe kake pamtsinje wa kitniyot. Ndikumvetsetsa kuti chikhalidwe cha dzikoli chikukhudzana ndi kachitidwe ka halachic , ena a Orthodox poskim ( omwe amapanga chisankho chotchedwa halachic ) adatsimikiza kuti okhala Ashkenazim mu Israeli akhoza kudya pa matebulo a oyandikana nawo a Sephardi ndi Mizrahi pa Pasaka, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amayembekezeredwa kupewa zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kitniyot .
ZOTHANDIZA: Matzo nthawi zonse amakhala ovuta.
Zoonadi: Ayi! Matzo oyambirira anali ofewa, ofanana ndi pita kapena lafi. Ndipotu, chizoloŵezi chodya korech ku Seder - sangweji yopangidwa ndi marora (zitsamba zowawa) ndi matzo, ndi chitsimikizo cha mtundu wa matzo oyambirira. " Korech" amatanthawuza " kupukuta" kapena "kupota," kotero ziyenera kuti zakhala zotheka kukulunga matzo pafupi ndi mkwatibwi. Ena Sephardim amakhala ndi chizoloŵezi chodya chomwe chimatchedwa "soft matzo." Amakonzedwa makamaka pa tchuthi, ndipo sichipezeka pamsika wamakono. Kwa a Ashkenazim okhala pafupi ndi mudzi wa Sephardi, zingakhale zotheka kufufuza zina pansi. Dziwani kuti ngakhale arabi ena amalola kugwiritsa ntchito zofewa matzo ndi Ashkenzim, ena amalephera kugwiritsa ntchito. Mukhoza kuwerenga zambiri zokhudza machitidwe a halachic pa intaneti.
CHINSINSI: Kuti mukondwerere Pasika moyenera, muyenera kudya matzah tsiku lililonse.
Zoonadi: Mitzvah (lamulo) kuti idye matzo ndiloona usiku woyamba wa Pasaka. Kunja kwa Israeli, Seders amakondwerera tsiku loyamba ndi lachiwiri la tchuthi, kotero kudalitsa mwapadera pa matzo ndi kudya kumachitika ndiye. Pambuyo pa Seder (s), palibe lamulo lovomerezeka kuti adye matzo, ngakhale malinga ndi Vilna Gaon, Ayuda akukwaniritsa mitzvah ya kudya matzah pamene adya kezayit (gawo lofanana ndi "azitona"); kuyambira theka kupita ku matzah okonzeka kwambiri malonda.)
ZOTHANDIZA: Muyenera kumwa vinyo wofiira kumadontho kuti mukwaniritse mitzvah ya cosbah (4 makapu).
Zowonadi: Ngakhale kuti pali mwambo wochuluka wogwiritsa ntchito vinyo wofiira pa Pasika ya Seder, ndiyolondola - ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale yabwino - kugwiritsa ntchito vinyo woyera kapena madzi a mphesa. Vinyo wofiira akuwonekera momveka bwino mitu yambiri yophiphiritsira ya Pasika ya Seder, ndipo chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosakondera zina zomwe mungasankhe. Ufulu wokhala ndi vinyo nthawi zonse umasungidwa kwa anthu aufulu, ndipo Pasaka imakondwerera kumasulidwa kwathu ku ukapolo. Mtundu umatcha magazi kukumbukira, ndi ku miliri ya mtsinje wa Nile ukusandulika kukhala magazi, kwa malangizo a akapolo a Israeli kuti apereke mwanawankhosa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magazi ake pakhomo la chitseko monga chizindikiro kuti Mulungu adutse nyumba zawo panthawi ya mliri wotsiriza - - Kupha mwana woyamba kubadwa - magazi ndi chizindikiro chobwerezabwereza.
Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu, komabe, vinyo wofiira sikunali wabwino kwambiri wa Seder. Pa nthawi zakale pamene magazi amawamasulira - milandu yonyenga yomwe Ayuda ankagwiritsa ntchito mwazi wachikhristu kupanga matzo ndi vinyo - inali yofalikira, vinyo woyera amaonedwa kuti ndibwino kwambiri pa tebulo la tchuthi.
Masiku ano, kaya mwadzidzidzi kapena kupezeka kwa mphamvu, anthu ambiri amathira vinyo wokoma kwambiri monga sakiswitwitsi wa Seder. Koma okoma, vinyo wolemetsa sichifunika. Ndi kubwezeretsa lero pa kupangira kosher, kumakhala vinyo wotchuka kwambiri, onse ofiira ndi oyera. Kulankhula mwachilakolako , ngati vinyo wanu woyera ndi wapamwamba kuposa vinyo wofiira, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito woyera polemekeza tchuthi.
Ngakhale kuli kofunikira kumwa mowa m'malo mwa madzi a mphesa ku Seder, pali zifukwa zambiri zachibadwidwe zomwe munthu angasankhe . Mwinamwake mlendo ali ndi matenda osadziwika omwe angapangitse juisi kusankha bwino. Mwinamwake pali mayi woyembekezera pa tebulo yemwe sanadziwitse kuti ali ndi mimba, ndipo ndani sakufuna kutchula momwe alili. Anthu omwe samamwa mowa vinyo nthawi zonse amamva zotsatira zake pambuyo pa galasi kapena awiri ndipo amasankha kuti asinthe madzi.
ZOYENERA: Simungagwiritse ntchito chotsitsa cha valala pa Paskha chifukwa nyemba ndizoti ndiyitniyot ndi / kapena mowa muzochotsa ndi chametz.
Nyemba za vanilla sizitengedwa ngati kitniyot. Ndipo zaka zaposachedwapa, chotupa choyera cha vanila, chopangidwa ndi mowa chomwe sichichokera ku chametz chafika kumsika.