Kupanga Mafuta a Azitona Njira Yachikhalidwe ku Toscany

01 pa 10

Kupanga Mafuta a Azitona Njira Yachikhalidwe: Kumalo Opuma

Ku Tuscany, mafuta abwino a maolivi onse amayamba chimodzimodzi: Mlimi wamphesa amafalitsa parachute yosungunuka pamunsi mwa mtengo wa azitona, amatsamira makwerero motsutsana ndi nthambi, ndiyeno amakwera mumtengo ndikukwera maolivi. Chotsatira ndi chiyani? Makina osindikizira, mwamsanga mwamsanga, chifukwa, monga Francesco Nardi wa Azienda Agricola Il Cavallone, omwe ali ndi mitengo pafupifupi 1700 ya azitona m'mphepete mwa Florence, akunena kuti, azitona zimayamba kuonongeka panthawi yomwe atengedwa.

Mosasamala mtundu wa makina, choyamba ndi kuika azitona m'khola zomwe zidzawatsogolere paulendo wawo. Njirazi ndi zosiyana kwambiri ndi maolivi amene amapita ku makina osindikizira amakono, komanso omwe amapita ku makina osindikizira. Mafilimu a Francesco amatha zaka za m'ma 1930, ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa zakale kwambiri zomwe zikugwiritsidwanso ntchito ku Tuscany.

02 pa 10

Kupanga Mafuta a Azitona Njira Yachikhalidwe: Kulimbikira

Makina osindikizira a azitona amagwiritsa ntchito miyala yamtengo wapatali kuti agaya maolivi, n'kuwachepetsera papepala. Mosiyana ndi mphero za mphero, zomwe zimakwera pamwamba pake, ndikutembenukira kumbali inayo, zitsulo zamtengo wa azitona zimakonzedwa ndi kutsinthana mu kabati, kumaphwanya maolivi pansi pa mphika.

03 pa 10

Kupanga Mafuta a Azitona Njira Yachikhalidwe: Mitsinje Yozungulira

Makina opangira magetsi a Francesco amapangidwa ndi granite, pafupifupi mamita anayi, ndi pang'ono kuposa phazi lakuda. Amalemera pafupifupi matani mita imodzi iliyonse, ndipo amayendetsedwa ndi magetsi. Phalala ndilo lokonzekera pomwe likukhala wathanzi, Francesco akuti. Zimatengera pafupi theka la ora kugaya kufika pamsinkhu uwu.

04 pa 10

Kupanga Mafuta a Azitona Njira Yachikhalidwe: Gramolatrice ndikupita ku Fiscoli, Round Mats

Mphuno imalowa mu kabati yachiwiri yomwe imatchedwa gramolatrice, komwe imayendetsedwa ndi nsalu zingapo zozungulira. Zosakaniza zimathyola mpweya wamadzi womwe umachokera ku kagawo, ndipo motero ndi mitundu ya mafuta yomwe imatha kuchoka mosavuta panthawiyi. Kachiwiri, gawo lokhazika mtima pansi - losavuta kugwira ntchito popanda kutentha kapena kuwonjezera madzi - limatenga pafupifupi theka la ora.

Pomwe zatha, wothandizira wa Francesco amaika phala pamapepala oyendayenda otchedwa Mafuta a Mtengo, omwe amawasindikiza . Pafupi kilogalamu (2 1/4) mapaundi a phala pa piritsi, ndipo wothandizira wa Francesco amanyamulira mapepala mu magawo asanu, akulekanitsa thabwa lililonse la 5 ndi mbale yachitsulo.

Sizingatheke kuti mafuta onse a maolivi achoke mu fiscoli, ndipo popeza zotsalirazi zimakhala zowonongeka kuchokera chaka chimodzi mpaka chaka chomwe Francesco amawombola chaka chilichonse, kuchokera ku chovala ku Perugia. M'mbuyomu fiscoli ikadapangidwa pa famu, mwinamwake kuchokera ku hemp .

05 ya 10

Kupanga Mafuta a Azitona Njira Yachikhalidwe: Kulemba Mafilimu

Fiscoli, pamodzi ndi magawo awo a maolivi , amasungidwa mu makina osindikizira, m'matumba asanu omwe amapatulidwa ndi mbale zitsulo.

Kutsegula makinawa amatenga mphindi 45 mpaka ola limodzi, ndipo nthawi yomwe makina osindikizira ali ndi theka la katundu wolemera amatumizira kale mafuta kuchokera ku diski zapansi.

Ndipo izi zimabweretsa mfundo yofunika: Imodzi mwa zinthu zomwe anthu amamva nthawi zambiri kuchokera kwa olima mafuta ndizofunika kwambiri kuti mafuta asapangidwe ndi oxidizing. Ndipotu, makina ena amasiku ano amakakamizidwa ndi nayitrogeni (gasi lopanda madzi) kuti mpweya wabwino usapite ku maolivi pamene iwo ali pansi ndipo phokoso limayamba. Iwo amanena kuti palibe okosijeni amene amapanga mafuta abwino.

Komabe, Sandro Bosticco, katswiri wa maolivi olimba taster, akundiuza kuti zinthu sizili zophweka. Ngakhale zili choncho kuti kutentha kwa oxygen kumayambitsa kuwonongeka, kutentha kwa oxygen panthawi yopukuta ndi gramolatura kumayambitsa kukula kwa mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti mafuta a maolivi apangidwe.

06 cha 10

Kupanga Mafuta a Azitona Njira Yachikhalidwe: Mauthenga, Osowa

07 pa 10

Kupanga Mafuta a Azitona Njira Yachikhalidwe: Mafuta Amayamba Kuyamba

08 pa 10

Kupanga Mafuta a Azitona Njira Yachikhalidwe: Kuthamanga Kwambiri

Makina a azitona amafalikira mwakhama. Izi sizimapanga vinyo, pomwe wina amamva za zofewa ndipo anthu amawombera pamaganizo a zoposa ma atmospheres awiri. M'malo mwake, makina opangira makina opitirira 400 (400 k / square cm, pafupifupi mapaundi 900) ndipo amatsindika kuti kupitirizabe kukweza pansi pazithunzi pamene mafuta akutuluka. Zimatengera pafupifupi theka la ora kuti zitsindikize, ndipo athandizi a Frencesco amamasula chipsinjocho, amachotsa phala lotsekedwa (ilo limabwerera ku minda ya azitona) ndipo limayambira kayendedwe katsopano.

09 ya 10

Kupanga Mafuta a Azitona Njira Yachikhalidwe: Ku Centrifuge

Mafuta omwe amachokera mu makina osindikizira ndi osatsuka - palibe kanthu kolimba mmenemo, komanso madzi ambiri. Choncho Francesco amapumphira matanki awiri, pomwe pali zinthu zina zolimba zomwe zimachokera pansi, ndipo zimakhala zochepa kwambiri zomwe zimasiyanitsa madzi ndi mafuta.

Mofanana ndi zipangizo zake zonse, centrifuge yafika pa 30s ndipo motero inali imodzi mwa mbadwo woyamba wa centrifuges ntchito yosiyanitsa mafuta ndi madzi. Pasanapite nthawi, amagwiritsa ntchito matanthwe ambiri kuti athetse vutoli, kenako phokoso lapadera la terracotta ndi siphon yomwe imatuluka kuchokera pansi pake - popeza madzi ndi olemera kuposa mafuta, ndi kupita kupyolera mu siphon.

Kugwiritsira ntchito centrifuge ndiko kosavuta komanso kofulumira kwambiri, ndipo popeza tsopano tili pa siteji pamene kuli kofunika kuchepetsa mpweya wabwino, kutsegula kwa centrifuge kunachititsa kuti mafuta ayambe kukula kwambiri.

10 pa 10

Kupanga Mafuta a Azitona Njira Yachikhalidwe: Ndipo apa tiri nacho!