Kodi a ku Italy amaphika bwanji ndikutumikira pasitala?
Mbali iyi ili ndi magwero awiri a kudzoza: Kuchokera ku Italy, Chowonadi chokhudza Pasitala, nancy Harmon Jenkins analemba kwa The New York Times kanthawi kobwerera, ndipo ulusi wa gulu lomwe anthu amati iwo amakonda pasitala awo amatumikiridwa ndi supuni ya msuzi pamwamba ndi zina kumbali kuti athe kuwonjezerapo ngati akufuna. Angadabwe kudziwa kuti sikuti pasitala imatumizidwa ku Italy.
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa pasta monga kumatumizira ku Italy ndi pasitala monga kumatumizidwa kwina kulikonse ku Italy, pasta ndi njira yoyamba, yomwe imatsatiridwa ndi maphunziro ena achiwiri, kaya nyama, nsomba, masamba, tchizi, kapena pizza (pizzerie yokongola ya ku Italy imapereka zakudya zambiri za pasitala kuti alendo awo ayambe ndi). Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ndi gawo la chakudya - chofunika, inde, koma ndithudi sichitha.
Kukula kwa gawo kumasonyeza izi: Mmodzi amadziwika pang'ono kupitirira 1/4 mapaundi a pasitala wouma wosadetsedwa pa munthu (ie, 70-80 magalamu), omwe amatanthauzira mu mbale yakuya (kapena yopanda kanthu). Chimanga ndi chochuluka, chifukwa sichidzasiya chakudya chilichonse.
Kusakaniza n'kofunikanso kwambiri: Kuyenerera kumakhalanso mfungulo. Ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 1-2 supuni ya msuzi wamchere monga aglio e olio , komanso 1/4 chikho cha msuzi wochuluka monga sugo alla bolognese pa munthu aliyense, akulowetsa ku pasitala asanayambe kuvala pasta.
Pasitala sayenera kusambira mu msuzi, kapena kukhala wamaliseche pansi pa ziphuphu zake, komanso sayenera kukhala fupa lakuda. Tchizi? Zimadalira msuzi; msuzi wa phwetekere ndi mazira odyetsera nyama nthawi zambiri amapempha kuti mavitamini a kirimu apindule nawo nthawi zina, koma amatha kusokoneza masamba a nsomba kapena nsomba.
Mulimonsemo, amatumizidwa patebulo, ndipo anthu ambiri amasankha supuni ya tiyi 1-2, osati fumbi lolemera lomwe limapangitsa china chirichonse.
Tsopano tibwera ku vuto lachitsamba: Ndi mtundu wanji wa pasitala? Ngakhale mabuku a ku Italy ophika kuphika, monga olankhula chinenero chawo cha Chingerezi, amapereka malangizo ofotokoza za pasta yopangidwa kunyumba , ochepa a ku Italy ali ndi nthawi yopangira kunyumba pokhapokha pa nthawi yapadera. Patsiku laling'ono, ndi pasitala yowonongeka kuchokera mu bokosi. Kapena izi sizingatheke; zophikidwa bwino, pasitala yowuma bwino yopanga malonda ndi yabwino ngati_ngati si yabwino kuposa-zomwe anthu ambiri angapange kunyumba.
Kusiyanitsa kuli mu ufa: Ogulitsa malonda amagwiritsa ntchito semolina, yomwe imapanga pasitala yomwe idzapirira bwino kuphika, kusunga mawonekedwe ake okondeka a dente panjira yopita ku gome. Mwamwayi, monga bwenzi langa yemwe anali ndi fakitale ya pasta, kukonzekera mtanda kuchokera ku semolina kumafuna osakaniza mafakitale kapena maola angapo ophimba - kuposa kukwanira kutentha galimoto ya pasta. Chifukwa cha ichi, ophika kunyumba amagwiritsa ntchito ufa wosalala wa tirigu (kalasi ya 00, yomwe ili ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi kuposa ufa wa mkate wa ku America). Zotsatira zingakhale zopambana koma zimafuna kusamala kwambiri pakuphika chifukwa pasitala ndi yovuta komanso imatha mosavuta.
[Kusinthidwa ndi Danette St. Onge pa June 30, 2016.]
Pali mitundu iwiri yofunikira ya pasta yowonongeka:
- Pasitala all'uovo, pasta ya mazira, monga tagliatelle, fettuccine, ndi chiyani (izi ndi zofanana zomwe zimapanga kunyumba, koma zimapangidwa ndi ufa wa semolina), ndi:
- Pasta di semola di grano duro, yopangidwa ndi semolina, madzi komanso kukhudzana ndi mchere.
Zakale ndizomwe zimakhala zosalala komanso zosiyana siyana, pamene zinyamazo zimakhala ndi maonekedwe osiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku spaghetti kupita ku zowoneka ndi zipolopolo.
Kodi muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wanji?
Mazira a mazira amapita bwino ndi maulendo okoma mtima, mwachitsanzo, sauces kapena nyama zobiriwira pamarola tomato. Tagliatelle amachitanso chidwi ndi zinthu zina; Mwachitsanzo, sipinachi, zomwe zimawasandutsa zobiriwira; phwetekere, zomwe zimawasandutsa iwo ofiira; kapena inki ya squid, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yakuda. Lasagne yopangidwa ndi pasta ya dzira ndi yodabwitsa kwambiri.
Chifukwa cha maonekedwe osiyanasiyana , pasta di semola di grano duro ndi yambiri; Momwe mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito amadalira msuzi ndi kukoma kwake. Spaghetti, spaghettini, bucatini ndi zingwe zina zimayenda bwino ndi sauces madzi. Pafupi pasasita, pasasitoni, mwachitsanzo, penne kapena tortiglioni, mupite bwino ndi mazira akuluakulu, chifukwa amamenya msuzi. Amagwiranso ntchito bwino muzophika, chifukwa ali ndi thupi lalikulu ndipo amatha kupirira kupsa nthawi yachiwiri. Pasitala wina wamfupi, mwachitsanzo, farfalle (pasitala yamphongo), ntchito bwino ndi kirimu sauces chifukwa msuzi amatha kumamatira kumalo awo.
Ponena za kugula pasta yamalonda, pali zambiri zomwe mungasankhe; ku Italy, otchuka kwambiri ndi Buitoni, De Cecco, Barilla, Agnesi, ndi Voiello (osati mwa dongosolo ili).
Palinso mankhwala odyetserako ziweto, pasitala yopangidwa ndi mafakitale ang'onoting'ono ndi ojambula omwe chidwi chawo chachikulu ndi khalidwe. Ngakhale kuti zinthu zofananazo ndizofanana, ndi momwe zimafanana ndizo: Amisiri amachotsa pasta yawo kupyolera mu imfa ya bronze yomwe imapatsa pasitala malo okhwima omwe amakoka ndi kusunga msuzi, ndipo amauma pamadzi otentha, motero amasunga tirigu .
Malingana ndi Nancy Harmon Jenkins, anayi mwa ojambulawo akutumiza ku United States: Rustichella D'Abruzzo, Latini, Benedetto Cavalieri ndi Martelli.
Musapeze pasitala ya ku Italy mumsika wanu: Werengani malemba a zomwe zilipo, ndipo sankhani pasitala yopangidwa ndi ufa wa tirigu kapena semolina. Peŵani pasta zouma zopangidwa ndi ufa wosavuta wa tirigu (mwachitsanzo, pasitala ya kumpoto kwa Ulaya) m'malo mwa ufa wa tirigu (semolina) chifukwa sungathe bwino pamene ukuwira ndi kutembenuka msanga.
Kuphika pasta ndi kosavuta ngati madzi otentha, koma amafuna kusamala.
- Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi okwanira 1 peresenti pa 1/4 pounds la pasta (madzi okwanira 1 litre pa 100 magalamu a pasitala), ndipo pitirizani izi mpaka 6 peresenti pa 1 pounds. Ngati simugwiritsa ntchito madzi okwanira, pasitala idzakhala yokhala pamodzi ndikugwirana pamodzi.
- Bweretsani madzi ku chithupsa ndikuwathira mchere ndi supuni 2-3 za mchere wosakaniza pa madzi. Musagwiritsire ntchito mchere, kapena pasitala ikhale yonyansa - zimathandiza kukumbukira kuti anthu a ku Neapolitans, omwe ali ambuye pophika pasta, ankakonda kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a m'nyanjayi pamene anali otetezeka. Inde, ndi momwe mchere umakhalira.
- Onjezerani pasitala, ndikuyendetsa bwino kamodzi kapena kawiri kuti mupatule zidutswazo ndi kuwaletsa kuti asamamatire pansi.
Phukusi la pasitala likhoza kunena kuti pasitala ayenera kuphika nthawi yaitali bwanji, koma musadalire. Mphindi zingapo musanati muzichita, samani chidutswa ndikuchitsegula; pakatikati mudzawona malo oyera a pasita osaphika omwe amadziwika kuti ndi anima, kapena moyo wa pasitala. Pitirizani kuphika pasitala mpaka anima akungoyamba. Pakadali pano phwasani pastala, ndikupatseni madzi amodzi kapena awiri kuchotsa madzi ambiri (idzapitiriza kumwa madzi kwa mphindi imodzi kapena ziwiri), idzapititsa ku mbaleyo, ikani msuzi mmenemo ndikutumikira. Nthawi zonse ndibwino kusunga madzi odyetserako pasitala - kuthira mbale kumira pansi pa colander kuti mupeze madzi ena osungunuka. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito ladleful ya madzi odyera pasitala kuti aziwotcha mbale zowonjezera (supuni ndi ladleful ya madzi odyetserako pasitala mu mbale iliyonse yothandizira, yendetseni kutsitsa mbale, ponyani madzi) ndi / kapena kupukuta msuzi wanu ndi Thandizani kumamatira kumbuyo, ngati kuli kofunikira.
Monga msuzi, ngati msuzi uli bwino, tchulani pens rosé , muwotchere mu skillet monga maphika a pasitala, ndipo pamene pasitala ndi yonyansa yokha, ikani iyo ndikusunthira pamene ikuyikamo msuzi. Sinthani kutentha kwapamwamba ndikuponya pasitala mu msuzi; Pamene imatha kuphika, idzayamwa msuzi ndikulawa bwino.
Pamasamba odyera, pasta yophikidwa motere imatchedwa strascicata kapena saltata mu padella. Pali mazana a maphikidwe a pasta pa tsamba ili; dinani masamba a pasitala ndi maphikidwe a maphikidwe pamsewu woyenda kupita kumanzere kuti muwafikire.