Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimapezeka ku Japan?
Kuti mumvetse chiyankhulo cha Chijapani, ndibwino kumvetsetsa za chakudya. Musanayambe kuphunzira izi, komatu pulogalamu yothandiza pamaphunziro achijapanizi amapezeka pano. Chakudya chamakono cha ku Japan kunyumba chimaphatikizapo njira imodzi yokhala ndi mbale zambiri.
Chakudya cha ku Japan chimasiyana pang'ono ndi zochitika zambiri zomwe zimapezeka m'mayiko a kumadzulo ndi ku Ulaya.
Mwachitsanzo, chakudya chamadzulo anayi chimaphatikizapo njira yoyamba yowunikira, msuzi kapena saladi. Njira yachiwiri ingaphatikizepo mapuloteni kapena kuphatikiza nyama, masamba, ndi mavitamini (mpunga, mbatata kapena wowuma). Njira yachitatu ingaphatikizepo njira yowala ya saladi, yotsatira chakudya chachinayi.
Ngakhale malo odyera ambiri achi Japan ku America ndi Europe amalengeza mapulaneti ang'onoang'ono kuti azikhala osiyana ndi omwe amapita kuwiri (main) ndi magawo atatu, chakudya cha ku Japan chimaphatikizapo maphunziro onsewa ndikupanga chakudya chimodzi, ndipo amatchedwa "gohan" , limene limasulira mpunga kapena chakudya. Zambiri pamasulira awa zapezeka pano . Pambuyo chakudya kapena chakudya chamadzulo, mchere ukhoza kutumikiridwa ngati maphunziro achiwiri.
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya chamadzulo cha Japanese chomwe chimapangidwanso chimakhala ndi zakudya zotsatirazi:
- Mpunga
- Nkhawe (nori), furikake (mpunga wokometsera), kapena tsukudani (kupalasa mpunga)
- Msuzi
- Mitundu
- Saladi
- Mapuloteni
- Mapuloteni osakaniza ndi masamba
- Zamasamba
- Zakudya
- Dessert
Mpunga
Chakudya chilichonse cha ku Japan chimaphatikizapo mpunga. Komabe, pali mitundu yambiri ya mpunga yomwe ingakhale yophatikizidwa mu chakudya, monga mpunga woyera wouma (hakumai), mpunga wofiira (genmai), kapena mpunga wochuluka akhoza kuphatikizapo balere (mugi).
Palinso mbale zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi mpunga pomwe mpunga uli ndi zamasamba kapena ndi kuwonjezera nsomba kapena mapuloteni otchedwa "takikomi gohan".
Nyanja yamchere (nori), mpunga wa fodya (furikake) ndi mpunga toppings (tsukudani)
Nthawi zambiri mpunga wamakono amakhala panyumba ndi mchere wokhala ndi mpunga (nori) kapena mpunga umene umatchedwa furikake omwe nthawi zambiri umasakanizidwa ndi ndiwo zamasamba, mazira, mabokosi, mchere wa bonito, kapena mbewu za sameame. Mtundu wina wa nsomba za mpunga amadziwika ngati tsukudani, yomwe imakhala yozizira (mosiyana ndi nyengo zouma) zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi nsomba zamchere kapena nsomba, ndipo zimatha kusakanizidwa ndi nsomba zouma kapena nsomba zina.
Msuzi
Kuwonjezera pa mpunga, chakudya chilichonse cha ku Japan chimaphatikizapo supu. Msuzi woyamba, ndi wamba wambiri ndi mso wothandizira (miso shiru) komanso zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mu mso msuzi zimangokhala kukhwima kake. Msuzi wachiwiri ndi supu yowonjezera ya dashi (sumashi jiru) yomwe ingakhale ndi mitundu yambiri ya zamasamba, mapuloteni ndi nsomba. Msuzi wachitatu, ndi wodetsedwa pang'ono wamba umatchedwa consumé, umene umakhala wamadzulo ndipo umakhala ndi mapuloteni komanso msuzi. Msuzi wophika ku Japan nthawi zambiri amatentha. Lingaliro la msuzi wa chilled monga gazpacho sali wamba.
Mitundu
Mitundu, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti tsukemono ku Japan, imakhala ndi masamba oledzera kapena zipatso. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tsukemono yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse pamodzi ndi mpunga.
Saladi
Mu zakudya za ku Japan, saladi angaphatikizepo mafashoni a kasitomala atsopano a ku Western, koma adzaphatikizapo viniga wosakaniza masamba monga sunomono , kapena saladi zophika monga ohitashi.
Mapuloteni
Nthawi zambiri chakudya cha ku Japan chimaphatikizapo chakudya cham'madzi, chifukwa dzikoli likuyandikana ndi nyanja. Nsomba yokazinga kapena yokazinga, nsomba (nsomba zofiira), kapena nsomba zina zikhoza kusonyezedwa ngati njira yayikulu ya chakudya m'ma Western. Komabe, lero, mbale iyi siiyi yokha ku chakudya cha nsomba ndipo imakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri monga nkhuku, nkhumba, kapena ng'ombe. Zidzakhala zachilendo kuti nsomba ndi mapuloteni ena azisakanikirana ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndipo zimakhala zovomerezeka monga banja.
Mapuloteni osakaniza ndi masamba
Kuwonjezera pa zakudya zazikuluzikulu zamapuloteni, pangakhale mapuloteni ndi mapiritsi osakaniza omwe ali simmered, sautéed, ophika kapena okazinga. Zakudya izi zingathenso kutengeranso kalembedwe ka banja.
Zamasamba
Kuwonjezera pa chakudya chambiri chotchedwa Japanese cuisine, chimayambanso ndi masamba. Kawirikawiri, ndiwo zamasamba zimathamangitsidwa mu dashi msuzi, zotsekedwa kapena zophika kapena zowonongeka m'madzi ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi soy msuzi ndi mayonesi.
Zakudya
Tiyi yobiriwira kapena tiyi ina ya Japan idzaperekedwa pamodzi ndi chakudya. Tiyi ya tiyi ya barley (mugicha) imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwezi wotentha. Mowa monga mowa komanso chifukwa cha zakumwa zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamadzulo.
Dessert
Pali mchere wambiri wa Japan umene umachokera ku mikate ya mpunga, zokometsera, nyemba zonyezimira, ma gelatini ndi mazira ozizira. Zowonjezera zina zimaphatikizapo zipatso ndi makeke.