Bacalao (wotchedwa [bah-kah-LAH-oh]) ndilo mawu a Chisipanishi kwa nsomba zouma komanso zamchere . Msuzi wouma ndi wamchere - ndi mbale zomwe zimaphatikizapo - zimadziwika ndi mayina angapo osiyanasiyana, ambiri omwe amachokera muzu "bacal." Liwu la Chipwitikizi la kododo yamchere ndi bacalhau pamene liri ku Italy ndi baccalà, ndipo ku Croatia ndi bakalar . Koma nsomba iyi si gawo limodzi la zakudya za Mediterranean. Ku Norway, amadziwika kuti klippfisk ndipo amapita ndi saltfiskur ku Iceland ndi moure ku France.
Amadziŵikanso monga nsomba ya saltfish, makamaka ku Caribbean.
Mbiri
Bacalao yakhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri m'makampani ozungulira nyanja ya Atlantic ndi Mediterranean pamene idayamba ngati katundu wogulitsa kunja kuchokera kumpoto kwa Atlantic. Zaka zoposa 500 zapitazo, wofufuza malo dzina lake Jaques Cartier anapeza ngalawa zowombeza nsomba pafupifupi zikwi chikwi m'mbali mwa mtsinje wa St. Lawrence komwe tsopano kuli Canada. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, nsomba za ku Norway zinabala nsomba zamchere ndi zouma. Nkhuku yamchere ya mchere inakhala chakudya chofunika kwambiri cha malonda pakati pa Dziko Latsopano ndi Dziko Lakale, ndipo chimafalikira m'madera onse pafupi ndi kutsidya lina la Atlantic, kukhala chikhalidwe cha zakudya zambiri.
Njira
Siti ndi kuyanika kwa nsomba sizinayambe - pasanafike firiji, nsomba ziyenera kudyedwa mwamsanga. Salting ndi kuyanika kunasunga nsomba ndipo zinapangitsa kuti asamalire. Iko kunali ndondomeko yotsika mtengo, ndipo asodzi mmodzi ankachita mosavuta.
Chinaperekanso kwa kayendedwe kosavuta kupita kumsika wapafupi. Ndondomekoyi imathandizanso nsomba kukhalabe ndi zakudya zowonjezera, ndipo zimapangitsa nsombazo kukhala zopanda pake.
Asanayambe kuyambanso kupuma ndi kuyanika, mutu ndi nsomba zimachotsedwa m'chombocho. Kenaka nsombayi imaphimbidwa mchere ndipo imasiyidwa. Mwachizoloŵezi, zouma pamphepete mwa nyanja, kuikidwa pamatanthwe oyandikana kapena kupachikidwa pamatope kuti aume padzuwa.
Masiku ano, nsombazi zimakhala mkati mwagwiritsira ntchito zida zamagetsi.
Nsomba
Kalekale, ndipo asanakhalepo nsomba zapamwamba, bacalao inali kanyumba kokha ku Atlantic. Koma posachedwa zimaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya whitefish monga pollack, haddock ndi buluu whiting. Amagulidwa zouma ndipo amafunika kubwezeretsedwa ndipo mchere wachotsedwa usanatengedwe ku mbale. Izi zimachitika poyika nsomba m'madzi kwa masiku atatu kapena atatu, kusintha madzi awiri kapena katatu patsiku.
Kamodzi ikasinthidwanso, bacalao imakhala yovuta komanso yosavuta. Ngakhale kuti poyamba amadyedwa ndi osauka, tsopano akuonedwa kuti ndi zokoma. Bacalao imaperekedwa muzitsulo zingapo zosiyana, zowonongeka, zidutswa za loin morro kapena lomo zomwe zimafunidwa kwambiri.
Monga gawo la kuyang'ana Lent, Akatolika a ku Spain anapanga chakudya chambiri pa Lachisanu usiku madzulo. Pali zokonzeratu zokoma zokometsera nsomba zamchere, koma zimaperekedwa ndi msuzi monga phwetekere, paprika kapena masamba mu vinyo.
Mmene Mungakonzekere Bacalao
Pali maphikidwe ambiri a Caribbean akuyitana bacalao. Pofuna kukonzekera bacalao kuti mupeze zowonjezereka muyenera kuyamwa nsomba m'madzi atsopano kuti muchotse mchere wochuluka womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga thupi.
Njira yabwino yopezera bacalao ndiko kuphimba nsombazo pafupifupi madzi awiri ozizira mu mbale yayikulu.
Ikani mbaleyo mufiriji ndikudzipaka kwa masiku atatu, kusintha madzi osachepera katatu patsiku.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi nsomba zamchere zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Mitengo yochepa ya mchere imafunika nthawi yocheperapo, nthawi zina tsiku limodzi. Mukhoza kuyesa mwa kulawa kakang'ono ka saltiness pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa maola 24. Mukufuna bacalao kukhala salty pang'ono, osati kupambana.