Chifukwa cha ntchito yotsatsa malonda ndi mafakitale a nkhumba, timakhala tikuganiza kuti nkhumba ndi "nyama ina yoyera." Mwachidziwitso, nyama ya nkhumba imatchulidwabe ngati nyama yofiira chifukwa ndi nyama zoweta, monga nkhosa, mwana wamphongo, ndi nyama yamphongo, ndipo ziweto zonse zimakhala ngati nyama yofiira. Kuchuluka kwa myoglobin (mapuloteni othandiza okosijeni) mu minofu ya nyama kumatengera mtundu wa nyama; Nkhumba imakhala ndi myoglobin yochuluka kuposa nkhumba, koma imakhala ndi nkhuku kapena nsomba zambiri, ngakhale kuti nyamayi imakhala yowala kwambiri.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti pamene maphunziro a sayansi amafalitsidwa omwe amagwirizanitsa ntchito ya nyama yofiira ndi chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima, khansara, ndi kufa kwa anthu onse, nkhumba imayikidwa mu gawo ili.
Nyama ya nkhumba siinali yoonda kwambiri. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa USDA kuyambira chaka cha 2006, chomwe chinalandizidwa ndi Bungwe la Nkhumba Zachiweto, kudulidwa kofiira kwambiri kwa nkhumba ndi 16 peresenti kuposa zaka 15 zisanafike, ndipo 27 peresenti yachepetsa mafuta odzaza. Mabala asanu a nkhumba amakumana ndi USDA kutanthauzira kowonda, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ali ndi zosakwana 10 gm ya mafuta, osachepera 4.5 magalamu a mafuta odzaza, ndipo osapitirira 95mg ya mafuta m'thupi mwa atatu omwe amatumikira. Izi ndi:
- Nyama ya nkhumba
- Nkhumba yosadziwika yopanda utoto
- Nkhumba pamwamba pamtunda wophika
- Nyama ya nkhumba ikulula
- Nyama ya nkhumba yophika
- Nkhumba nthiti yoputira
Mmodzi mwa mabalawo, nkhumba ya nkhumba, amakumana ndi tanthauzo la zowonda kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthawuza kuti ziri ndi zosakwana 5 magalamu a mafuta ndi zosachepera 2 magalamu a mafuta odzaza patsiku.
Izi zimapangitsa kuti nkhuku ikhale yopanda khungu, chifukwa chake nkhumba nthawi zambiri imakhala ngati njira yabwino kwambiri kwa nkhuku kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zakudya zochepa.
Kodi izi zinachitika bwanji?
Chifukwa cha kufunika kwa zakudya zazing'ono zonenepa, zomwe zinadziwonetsera pa kugwa kwa nkhumba, zowonjezera mitengo zinaperekedwa pofuna kulimbikitsa kupanga nkhumba zowonda, zolemetsa, zolemera kwambiri.
Chodetsa nkhaŵa, komabe, chinali chakuti kuonda kumeneku kudzabwera pamtengo wa kukoma ndi kukoma mtima, ndipo izi zikhoza kukhala zotseguka. Zimatanthawuza kuti kudula kwa nyama ya nkhumba kuyenera kuphikidwa mosamala kuti kusungunuka ndi kusangalala bwino. Nkhumba ya nkhumba imakhala ndi minofu yochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi kudulidwa kwina, komwe kumapangitsa kukhala mwachibadwa kwambiri, koma ikhoza kukhala yowuma ndi yowuma tikamagonjetsa.
Choncho, pozindikira kuti nkhumba ndi nyama yowiirabe, tiyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa momwe timadyera. Pa nthawi yomweyi, monga chitsime cha mapuloteni otsika kwambiri, akhoza kudya zakudya zochepa.