Chakudya cha El Pais Vasco

Mau oyamba

Dziko la Basque - kapena El Pais Vasco m'Chisipanishi - ndi limodzi la 17 ku Spain Comunidades Autónomas , kapena "malo odzilamulira." Ali kumpoto kwa Spain, kumalire ndi France ndi Nyanja ya Cantabric. Kum'mwera kuli dera la La Rioja, kumadzulo kwa Cantabria ndi Castilla y Leon, komanso ku Navarra kum'maŵa. Dera lamapirili ndi mapiri a Basque, mapiri a Cantabrian ndi mapiri a Pyrenees.

Anthu a Basque ndi chikhalidwe chakale, asanakwatire Ufumu wa Roma ndipo komabe akatswiri a mbiriyakale akadali ndi mafunso ambiri ponena za chiyambi chawo, komanso chinenero chawo Euskera . Buku la Geography la About About limapereka chithunzithunzi chabwino cha chigawochi ndi mtundu wazakale kwambiri wa Ulaya womwe ulipo, mu Basque Country, A Geographic and Anthropologic Enigma.

History of the Cuisine

Mosiyana ndi mbiri yapadziko lonse yomwe chakudya cha Basque chimasangalala lero, alendo ku dziko la Basque ku Middle Ages anajambula chithunzi china. Anthu anali osawuka. Nyama ndi tirigu zinali zochepa, choncho adadya mapira, mphodza, nyemba ndi zipatso. Ngakhale kuti Basques nthawi zonse ankawotcha m'mphepete mwa nyanja, sizinali kufikira nthawi ya Norse m'zaka za zana la XI, komanso malamulo a Chikhristu, kuti nsomba zambiri zinayamba kudya, ndipo nsomba zinayamba kukula.

Ndikupeza kwa America, Basques ambiri adapita ku dziko latsopano, kuthawa moyo wa zosauka ndikudya chakudya chawo.

Ndi mgwirizano wodulirika womwe unachitika, chimanga, tsabola, nyemba, tomato ndi mbatata zinalumikizidwa ku Basque cuisine. M'zaka za zana la makumi asanu ndi awiri (19th century) Revolution Industrial (Industrial Revolution) inathandizira kukweza miyezo ya moyo ku Basque Country. Bungwe la Basque lomwe linali labwino kwambiri, linagulitsa oyang'anira achifalansa.

Panthawi ya ulamuliro wa Franco, chakudya cha Basque chinakhala chimene ena awatcha "stale." Komabe, pambuyo pa imfa ya Francisco Franco mu 1975, mchitidwe watsopano wophikira unabadwa - Nueva Cocina Vasca (Zakudya Zatsopano za Basque). Pogwiritsira ntchito zowonjezera, oyang'anira amapanga mbale zatsopano komanso zatsopano. Kwa zaka 25 zotsatira, oyang'anira opaleshoni a ku Spain anayamba upangidwe chakudya chatsopano cha Chisipanishi, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zatsopano, ndipo mawu akuti "molecular gastronomy" anabadwa. Lero dziko la Basque ndi a 'otsogolera akupitiriza kusangalala ndi mayiko onse chifukwa cha kuphika kwawo.

Miyambo, Gastronomic Society

Mipikisano ndi mtundu wamtundu wa abambo kudziko la Basque. Malingana ndi Harald Kocker m'buku la Culinaria Spain, loyamba loyamba linakhazikitsidwa mu 1843 ku San Sebastian. Mamembala awa amasonkhana nthawi zonse kuti akonzekere pamodzi, adye, amwe, asangalale komanso azisangalala. Kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala ndi malo awo omwe ali ndi khitchini, bar ndi chipinda chodyera. Ngakhale kuti mabungwewa anali apadera kwa amuna, ndipo amayi amangoitanidwa pa zikondwerero zinazake, akazi amayamba kuvomerezedwa m'madera ambiri, koma osati m'madera onse.

• Mawebusaiti a Webusaiti ndi Zokambirana za Gastronomic (mu Spanish okha)

Cuisines of Provinces Third Basque

Mapiri atatu a dziko la Basque - Álava, Guipúzcoa ndi Vizcaya ali ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana.

Izi ndizosiyana chifukwa cha malo a Basque Country, kumene kuli kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zakudya za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mapiri.

Álava ndi chigawo chakum'mwera kwa dziko la Basque ndipo chimakhala chimfine. Mitsinje yamapiri, zigwa zazikulu ndi mitsinje imadutsa ku Álava, koma ilibe nyanja. Chifukwa ndi "kutsekedwa kwa nthaka", anthu amadya ng'ombe yambiri, nyama yamphongo ndi masewera, monga partridge ndi zinziri. Amakondwera ndi perretxikos (mtundu wa bowa), nkhono ndi tchizi zosiyanasiyana. Mbatata, nyemba ndi bowa kuchokera kumadera amadziwikanso ndi khalidwe lawo.

Zapadera zina za Álava zimapangidwira minofu yamtengo wapatali , patatas viudas mbatata yophikidwa mu ufa ndi yokazinga, kenaka amatumizidwa mu msuzi; Llodio wakuda pudding, osakaniza magazi osakaniza bwino omwe amapangidwa ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi mpunga wambiri, Goxua , keke yophika ndi mandimu ndi pastry cream ndi caramel msuzi.

Álava ndilo gawo lopangira vinyo. Rioja Alavesa ndi gawo laling'ono la dera lotchuka la vinyo ku Rioja, ndipo limayerekezera 21 peresenti ya dera la Rioja Qualified DO.

Vizcaya ("Bizcaia" ku Basque) ili ndi nyengo yovuta kwambiri komanso nyanja ya 80 km ku Nyanja ya Cantabric. Icho chimatchedwa "Capital of Bacalao" kapena cod cod, yomwe ndi yachizolowezi chachikhalidwe ndipo Vizcayans ali ndi maphikidwe ambiri a bacalao . Nsomba zambiri ndi nsomba za m'nyanja ya Cantabric, monga ana a squid, sardines, anchovies, hake (merluza), nyanja bream (besugo) ndi ziphuphu zimakondwera, komanso nyama monga nkhumba ndi nkhumba. Zina mwazakudya zabwino kuchokera ku Vizcaya ndi:

• Cod a la Vizcaina - Chipata cha Vizcaína
• Cod mu Pil-Pil Sauce - Bacalao al pil-pil
• Kuwomba Msuzi Wakubiri - Almejas en Salsa Verde
• Baby Squid mu 'Ink Ink - Chipirones en su Tinta
• Hake mu Sauce Wakubiri - Merluza en Salsa Verde
• Msuzi Watsopano - Marmitako
• Nkhumba ndi Saudi ya Idazabal Cheese - Solomillo de cerdo con salsa de queso Idiazábal
• Cream-Anadzaza Tubes a Bilbao- Canutillos de Bilbao

Guipúzcoa ndi chigawo chakumpoto kwambiri cha Basque Country, chomwe chili pafupi ndi nyanja ya 90 km pa nyanja ya Atlantic, kumalire ndi France. Ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo ndi chigawo chosiyana - mapiri ndi nyanja, mizinda ikuluikulu ndi midzi, makampani ndi ulimi. Nyengo ndi yofatsa, ndi nyengo yotentha, komanso nyengo yamvula. Zakudya za Guipúzcoa zakhala zikuzindikiritsidwa padziko lonse lapansi, moteronso zimakhala ndi "oyang'anira" monga Juan Mari Arzak, Martín Berasategui ndi Pedro Subijana onse ochokera ku San Sebastián.

San Sebastián (Donostia ku Basque) ndilo likulu la dziko, ndipo amadziwika ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha matepi apamwamba a tapas . Kuphatikiza pa kukhala ndi matepi oposa 100 mumzinda, San Sebastián ali ndi malo odyera ambiri ndi nyenyezi za Michelin pa kilomita imodzi kuposa mzinda uliwonse, kupatula pa Paris.

Zina mwazipadera za Guipúzcoa ndizo: mazira aang'ono, nyemba zazikulu ndi ana a nandolo ndi anyezi a kasupe, Txangurro ndi la Donostiarra - nkhwangwa zokhala ndi zitsamba zamadzi ndi Atun eguna salimoni kuchokera ku mtsinje wa Bidasoa.