Mkaka wa mkaka wamakaka wapangidwa ndi mkaka umene sunayambe kuperewera. Zikhoza kukhala zolimba, zowopsya, zokometsetsa, kapena zowonongeka ndipo zikhoza kubwera pamtundu uliwonse, kuchokera ku gudumu kuti zikhalepo. Mwachitsanzo, Parmigiano Reggiano yotchuka silingatchedwe kuti Parmigiano Reggiano pokhapokha itapangidwa kuchokera ku mkaka wopaka. Mitundu ina yambiri ya ku Ulaya, kuchokera ku Camemberto akuluakulu, okongola kupita ku Brie, imayenera kuitanitsidwa ndi Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) ya France kuti ikwaniritse mkaka wowonjezera.
Mkaka wopangidwa ndi mkaka wosasunthika (wofiira) sungagulitsidwe ku US kupatula ngati atakhala ndi masiku 60 osachepera kutentha osachepera 35 F. Kuyambira 1949, izi zalamuliridwa ndi The Food and Drug Administration ndi cholinga cha kuteteza ogula ku mabakiteriya omwe angathe kuvulaza mkaka wosasamalidwa. Pambuyo pa masiku makumi asanu ndi limodzi, zidulo ndi mchere mu tchizi zamkaka zobiriwira mwachibadwa zimalepheretsa listeria, salmonella, ndi E. coli kukula.
Tchizi timene timadya timatchedwa mkaka umene umatenthedwa ndi kutentha kwa 161 F kwa masekondi khumi ndi asanu kapena 145 F kwa mphindi makumi atatu kapena kuposerapo. Kuperewera kwa mankhwala kumapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga Listeria ndi E. coli (kuphatikizapo ena monga Staphylococcus aureus ndi Salmonella ) omwe angakhalepo mkaka wofiira. Ambiri amanena kuti kuperewera sikupha mabakiteriya okhawo omwe angakhale oopsa komanso mabakiteriya ena omwe amachititsa kuti tchizi zikhale ndi zokometsera zachilengedwe zomwe sizingatheke.
Chikhalidwe Chamakono
Anthu ena amatsenga amakhulupirira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wosakaniza kumapanga zakudya zowonjezera komanso zabwino kwambiri. Amakhulupiliranso kuti palibe chifukwa choopera mkaka wosakanizidwa ndipo palibe chifukwa chodikirira masiku 60 kuti adye tchizi zopangidwa kuchokera mmenemo. Anthu opanga zitsulo nthaŵi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito tchizi cha ku Ulaya monga umboni, popeza kuti tchizi zambiri za ku Ulaya zakhala zikupangidwa ndi mkaka wofiira.
Dongosolo la Chakudya ndi Mankhwala limatsimikizira kuti mkaka wosawoneka ukhoza kukhala ndi mabakiteriya omwe sungakhale oyenera kumeza ndipo patapita masiku makumi asanu ndi limodzi kuti mabakiteriyawa amachoka mu tchizi.
Chiyambi
Kuchokera mu 1949, boma la United States laletsa kugulitsa zakudya zopangidwa kuchokera ku mkaka wosasamalidwa pokhapokha ngati tchizi zakhala zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi. Mu 1999, Utsogoleri wa Zakudya ndi Zamankhwala unkaletsa kuti kugulitsa mkaka wamkaka wobiriwira usakhalebe kanthu ngakhale atakhala atakalamba bwanji. Magulu monga Cheese of Choice Coalition akhazikitsidwa kuti asunge ufulu wa ogula kugula tchizi mkaka.
Zotsatira
- Kuletsedwa kwa masiku 60 kumatetezera ogula ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pambuyo pa masiku 60, zidulo ndi mchere mu tchizi zamkaka zobiriwira zimatetezera ku listeria, salmonella, ndi E. coli.
- Mitengo yambiri yotumizidwa ndi mkaka wofiira, monga Manchego, Parmigiano-Reggiano, ndi Gruyere, imafunika kukhala ndi moyo masiku makumi asanu ndi limodzi (60) kuti ifike pamtundu wawo.
Wotsutsa
- Kudyetsa thupi kumatha kupha mabakiteriya abwino, mtundu umene umapanga maonekedwe a tchizi mu tchizi.
- Ogulitsa omwe ayenera kuyembekezera masiku 60 kuti adye mkaka wa mkaka wamtunduwu akusowa ovomera ndi maonekedwe a achinyamata, omwe amapezeka mkaka wamkaka wa Ulaya monga Brie ndi Reblochon. M'malomwake, ayenera kukhazikitsa mavitamini osakanizidwa omwe amaloledwa kulowa ku US.
Kumene Kumayambira
Pakadali pano, tchizi chosagwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe zakhala zikudutsa kwa masiku osachepera makumi asanu ndi limodzi (60) ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wa tchizi wosagulitsidwa womwe umagulitsidwa ku United States.