Botulism. Mawu okha ndi okwanira kuyika mantha pa nkhope za ophunzira mu zokambirana zanga zoteteza chakudya ndi chifukwa chabwino. Koma ali ndi zida zowopsya za bactaminiyo, simungadandaule nazo pamene mukukudya chakudya kunyumba.
Ndikoopsa bwanji botulism? Kwambiri. Simungakhoze kuwona, kununkhiza, kapena kulawa, ndipo supuni imodzi yokha ya botulism poizoni yomwe imapangidwa ndi Clostridium botulinum ingakhale yokwanira kupha anthu zikwi mazana.
Yikes.
Mwamwayi, pali njira zosavuta kwambiri zotsimikizira kuti botulism ndi yosagwirizana ndi zakudya zam'nyumba mwanu.
Gwiritsani Ntchito Njira Zowathandiza
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira, muyenera kukumbukira kuti zakudya zopanda acidik ziyenera kukonzedweratu muzitsulo , osati madzi osamba . Izi zidzakhala zomveka mukamadziwa "chifukwa" kumbuyo kwa "chiyani".
Ngakhale kutentha kwakukulu kumawononga mabakiteriya a botulism ndi poizoni, sikutentha mokwanira kuwononga spores. Tsopano ngati muti mudye chakudya chophika pomwepo, ndizo zabwino. Koma ngati sporeswo atakhala mu mtsuko wa chakudya chosakanizidwa ndi zamzitini pa shelefu firiji, izo zingakhale vuto lakupha.
Kodi ine ndikutanthawuza chiyani ndi "mwachisala zamzitini"? Ndikutanthauza kuti chinachake chimene chiyenera kukhala chopanikizidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina osungiramo madzi. Chifukwa chomwe chili chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti choponderetsa chimatentha chakudya chowotcha kuposa kutentha kwa madzi otentha .
Amapeza chakudya mpaka 240F / 116C, yomwe imatentha kwambiri kupha spoulism spores.
Ichi ndi chifukwa chake kuyeretsa zakudya zopanda mphamvu m'madzi otentha otentha ndi owopsa: Kutentha kotentha mu madzi osamba sikuwotcha kuposa 212F / 100C, kutentha kwa madzi otentha panyanja. Choncho mabakiteriya akuwonongeka, koma osati spores zomwe zingathe kukula mu mabakiteriya ambiri.
Ziphalala zotchedwa Clostridium botulinum spores zimakhala pamalo osakhala bwino, ndikutentha pakati pa 70F / 21C ndi 110F / 43C, ndipo zimaphatikizapo zoposa 35 peresenti. Kumveka bwino? Ndiko kulondola - ndizo zowonongeka mkati mwa mtsuko wothira zakudya zomwe zasungidwa mu khitchini ya khitchini kutentha.
Koma uthenga wabwino kwa anthu ogwira ntchito kunyumba ndikuti botulism imathetsedwa ndi chakudya chomwe chili ndi pH yovuta. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mungathe kusunga bwino masamba osakaniza, shuga, ndi zipatso mu madzi osamba otentha (zomwe mungachite ndi mphika wokhazikika).
Mafunde otsika pansi pazizira komanso madzi omwe ali pansi pa 35 peresenti amathandizanso kuti botulism isagwire ntchito, chifukwa chake sizimakhudza zakudya zowonongeka komanso zosasunthika.
Powombetsa mkota:
- Zamasamba zomwe sizodzikongoletsedwa, msuzi zamasamba kuphatikizapo masamba a masamba, ndi zinyama zonse ziyenera kukhala zamzitini muzitsulo zovuta.
- Zakudya zam'madzi zimatulutsa nkhumba, jams, jellies, chutneys, ndi zipatso zimatha kukonzedwa mu madzi osamba. Tomato angathenso kukonzedwa mu madzi osamba otentha ngati muwonjezera asidi pang'ono mu vinyo wosasa, madzi a mandimu, kapena citric asidi.
- Zakudya zowonongeka ndi zowonongeka zimakhala zotetezeka ku mabakiteriya otchedwa botulism ndi spores.