Ngati mwakhalapo pa phwando la chakudya chamadzulo, mosakayikira mumapanga coriander. Kwa chomera chobiriwira chobiriwira, coriander - kapena Coriandrum Sativum kuti aziitane ndi mawu ake asayansi - wadzipangira dzina lenileni. Mmodzi wa banja la parsley, zomera zonse ndi zipatso zake zimapezeka kwambiri ku Asia, Latin, ndi Indian cuisine. Mutazipeza zimapangitsa chidwi cha mamasamba achi Chinese, maasalas achi Indian, ndi maasia a Mexico.
Kodi coriander ndi zonunkhira kapena zitsamba? Mwachidziwitso, mawu akuti coriander angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofotokoza chomera chonse: masamba, zimayambira, mbewu, ndi zonse. Ponena za coriander, anthu ambiri akunena za zonunkhira zopangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu za mbewu. Masamba a chomera amatchedwa cilantro, omwe amachokera ku mawu a Chisipanishi a coriander.
Masamba a chomera ndi mbewu zatsamba zimasiyana kwambiri. Mosiyana kwambiri ndi mabala ambiri osalimba, mwatsoka. Mapepala omwe amayesa kulanda fungo la cilantro adagwiritsa ntchito mawu kuyambira poizoni mpaka sopo. Koma kwa ine ndekha, ndimapeza zosangalatsa musky, koma ndikutha kuona chifukwa chake anthu ena amatsutsa kuti, monga caviar, ndi kukoma kopezeka.
Ndi nkhani yosiyana ya mbewu. Coriander ndi zonunkhira kwambiri ndi zokoma zokoma za mandimu. Kaunkhidwe kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri amapezeka. imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ku European kuphika.
Mbiri Yambiri
Zing'onozing'ono zimadziŵika kuti chiyambi cha mbewu ya coriander, ngakhale kuti nthaŵi zambiri chimaganiziridwa kuti n'chochokera ku Mediterranean ndi m'madera akum'mwera cha kumadzulo kwa Ulaya. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti kugwiritsira ntchito kwake kunabwereranso ku 5,000 BC. Mafotokozedwe a coriander angapezeke m'malemba a Chisanskrit, ndipo mbewuzo zinayikidwa manda a ku Aigupto.
Zomera za Chikondi, Christian Reach zimanena kuti Aigupto ndi Agiriki akale ankakhulupirira kuti coriander inali ndi malo osokoneza bongo. Dioscorides, dokotala wachi Greek, ndi wolemba mabuku angapo otchuka pa zamalonda za zitsamba ankakhulupirira kugwiritsira ntchito zonunkhira za coriander zikhoza kukulitsa kugonana kwa munthu.
Pazinthu zosiyana, coriander ngakhale mitengo yomwe imatchulidwa mu Chipangano Chakale. Mu Eksodo chaputala 16, vesi 31, akuti: "Ndipo nyumba ya Israyeli idatcha dzina lake Manna; ndipo idali ngati mbewu ya coriander, yoyera, ndipo kukoma kwake kunali ngati tchipinda chopangidwa ndi uchi."
Cilantro yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku China kuphika kwa zaka zambiri. Mofanana ndi zikhalidwe zina zakale, cilantro yamtengo wapatali ku China chifukwa ndi mankhwala komanso amatsutsa makhalidwe abwino, komanso kukoma kwake kwakukulu. Mu "Zosakaniza za Asia", Ken Hom amanenanso kuti cilantro ndi imodzi mwa zitsamba zochepa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku China.
Posachedwapa, zomera za coriander zinalikukula ku Massachusetts kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1600, chimodzi mwa zitsamba zoyamba zomwe amwenye amodzi a ku America amakula. Ndipo azaka za m'ma 1700 a ku France ankagwiritsa ntchito coriander yosakaniza kupanga mtundu wa mowa. Masiku ano, cilantro imalimidwa m'mayiko otentha ndi otentha padziko lonse lapansi. Cilantro ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi.
Ngakhale nthawi zambiri amatchedwa parsley ya Chinese mu Asian cookbooks (Mexican parsley ndi dzina lina lotchulidwanso), cilantro imakhala ndi mphamvu yowonjezera, yosiyana kwambiri ndi parsley.
Cilantro imatchulidwa kwambiri mu kuphika ku China. Masamba a Cilantro amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kukongoletsa saladi a Chine, kapena kudulidwa ndi kusakanikirana ndi zokutira ndi sauces. Cilantro imagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'madera ena akumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia . Mwachitsanzo, mizu ya cilantro imapanga kuwonjezera pa ma curries a Thai.
Ngakhale kuti cilantro imachokera ku chomera cha coriander, zonunkhira sizingathandize kwambiri ku China. Mu mabuku a cook Chinese, mungapeze coriander akufotokozedwa ngati chomera chofanana ndi parsley, popanda kutchulapo zonunkhira nkomwe. Ndipo kawirikawiri kupeza maphikidwe akuitana mwatsopano coriander, kutanthauza cilantro masamba. Ngakhale sikukwanitsa kunena kuti ophika a ku China samagwiritsa ntchito coriander, amathandiza kwambiri ku India ndi Indonesian zakudya.
Kuphatikiza apo, mbewu ya coriander imapatsa zakudya zambiri za mandimu.
Pogula cilantro (yotchedwanso China parsley), fufuzani masamba omwe ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wopanda mawanga a chikasu, ndipo palibe umboni wilting. Cilantro yatsopano siikhalitsa nthawi yaitali, ndipo muyenera kuyisunga mufiriji. Njira imodzi ndiyo kuika kilantro mu thumba la pulasitiki lotsekedwa mosungika mu gawo la masamba obirira a firiji.
Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mbewu za coriander, fufuzani kuti muwone ngati akufunika kutsukidwa asanazisungire. Mbeu zikhoza kuuma padzuwa kapena mu uvuni pamtunda wotsika. Nsonga ina ndiyo kuuma wothira mbewuzo musanapese, chifukwa izi zimathandiza kutulutsa utoto wawo wapadera.
Maluwa amaluwa angaganize kuti akukula zomera zawo za coriander. Chaka cholimba chomwe chimakhala ndi dothi la loamy dzuwa, dzuwa limayenera kubzalidwa panthawi yomweyo kuti mubzalitse parsley kudera lanu.