Kodi Matenda Aakulu Okhudza Nitrates Ali Oposa?
Nitrates ndi nitrites ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala ochiritsidwa monga nyama yankhumba ndi agalu otentha.
Inki yambiri yathyoledwa kukambirana za lingaliro la nitrates ndi nitrites ndi loipa kwa inu, ndipo opanga chakudya adayambitsa mitundu yonse ya zinthu zotchedwa "nitrate-free" kuti athe kukwaniritsa zofuna zawo.
Koma zomwe simukudziwa ndizakuti mantha aliwonse pa nitrates amatha kupitirira, koma izi "mankhwala opanda nitrate" angathe kukhala ndi nitrates zambiri kuposa mankhwala ochiritsira.
Osati kokha kokha koma galimoto yotentha yotentha ya nitrate ingakhale yovuta kwambiri kukudwalitsani kusiyana ndi yachizolowezi.
Nitrates ndi Preserving Foods
Nitrates amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchiritsa, yomwe ndi njira yambiri yosunga zakudya, makamaka nyama ndi nsomba, zomwe zimakhudza mchere, shuga, kapena kutaya thupi. Pazifukwa zonse, cholinga chake ndi kupangitsa chakudya kukhala chosasangalatsa kwa mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa kuti chakudya chiwonongeke .
Izi zimagwira ntchito chifukwa mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono omwe amafunikira chinyezi, oxygen, ndi chakudya. Chotsani chimodzi mwa zinthu izi ndipo amafa.
Pali zosiyana pa lamulo ili, ndipo limaphatikizapo mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe angakhale ndi malo opanda mpweya wokha. Tidzakambirana za izo m'kamphindi.
Mchere Monga Chosunga Chakudya
Imodzi mwa njira zoyambirira zothandizira chakudya inali kugwiritsa ntchito mchere . Mchere umalepheretsa chakudya kuwonongeka kudzera mu njira yotchedwa osmosis , yomwe imayamwa mthupi mwa mabakiteriya, ndikuwapha ndi kutaya thupi.
Sodium ya nitrate ndi mtundu wa mchere umene umawoneka kuti ndiwothandiza kwambiri. Mchere wokhala ndi chilengedwe, sodium ya nitrate imapezeka m'mitengo yonse (zitsamba zamagazi monga kaloti komanso masamba obiriwira monga celery ndi sipinachi) pamodzi ndi mitundu yonse ya zipatso ndi mbewu. Kwenikweni, chirichonse chomwe chimakula kuchokera pansi chimatulutsa nitrate ya sodium kunja kwa nthaka.
Ngati izi zikuwoneka zodabwitsa, kumbukirani kuti mawu akuti nitrate amatanthauza gulu lopangidwa ndi nayitrogeni, lomwe ndilo chinthu chimodzi chokha chomwe chimakhalapo m'mlengalenga. Nthawi iliyonse mukatenga mpweya, mukupuma 78 peresenti nitrogeni. Nthaka yokha imadzazidwa ndi zinthu.
Nitrates ndi Nitrites
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimachitika pamene nitrate ya sodium imagwiritsidwa ntchito monga machiritso ndi kuti sodium nitrate imasandulika kukhala sodium nitrite . Ndi nitrite ya sodium yomwe imakhala ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti azikhala osamala.
Chochititsa chidwi, kuti sodium nitrate yomwe timadya kudzera mu zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba ndi mbewu zimatembenuzidwanso ndi nitriamu nitrite ndi momwe timagwirira ntchito. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, pamene timadya zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba kapena tirigu, matupi athu amapanga nitriyamu ya sodium.
Nitrit ndi Cancer
Zaka zambiri zapitazo, akatswiri ena apeza kuti nitrites ikhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi khansara m'makombala a laboratory. Malingaliro awa adalandira chidwi chochuluka cha ma TV. Komabe, zomwe sankasamala kwambiri, zinalipo pamene kufufuza kwina kuwulula kuti iwo anali olakwika. Inde, National Academy of Sciences, American Cancer Society ndi National Research Council onse amavomereza kuti palibe umboni wa chiopsezo cha khansa kuwononga nitrite ya sodium.
Zida Zamadzimadzi
Nanga bwanji za agalu otentha "nitrate-free", nyama yankhumba ndi zina zotchedwa "mankhwala"? Popeza kuti agalu otsekedwa osatayika sangawonongeke kwa ogula, ndizochepa kwenikweni kupeza mankhwala omwe alibe nitrate. M'malo mwake, opanga amanena kuti "palibe nitrates."
Chowonadi ndi chakuti makampani omwe amapanga agalu otentha a nitrate amagwiritsa ntchito chinachake kuti alowe m'malo mwa sodium nitrate. Madzi a celery ndi otchuka kwambiri. Ndipo ndikuganiza kuti madzi a celery ali ndi zochuluka bwanji? Sodiumdium nitrate. Ndipo ndikuganiza kuti sodium nitrate ikukhala chiyani mukadya? Sodiumdium nitrite!
Monga tanenera kale, udzu winawake wa chilengedwe ndi gwero la sodium nitrate. (Zindikirani kuti palibe amene akutsutsa kuti celery imayambitsa khansara kapena kuti anthu ayenera kuchepetsa kudya kwa celery.) Koma powonjezera madzi a udzu wambiri kwa agalu awo otentha, opanga akhoza kupanga zinthu zodzala ndi nitrate ya sodium pamene mwalamulo akhoza kunena "palibe nitrates. " Chifukwa nitrates onse ali mu madzi a udzu winawake.
Ndipotu, mankhwalawa amatanthauza kuti nitrate, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amathira nitrate, monga mankhwala ochiritsira.
Nitrites ndi Botulism
Choncho nitrates ndi nitrites zonse ziri zopanda phindu komanso zodziwika. Koma kodi n'zotheka kuti kudya zakudya zopanda nitrate kungakhale koopsa kuposa kudya nyama zomwe zili ndi nitrate ya sodium? Yankho ndilo inde.
Chinthu chapadera cha sodium nitrite ndi chakuti imalepheretsa kukula kwa Clostridium botulinum . Mabakiteriyawa amabweretsa mankhwala a botulism, chimodzi mwa zinthu zoopsa kwambiri zomwe zimadziwika, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda olumala amene angayambitse kupuma.
Clostridium botulinum ndi kachilombo kosavuta chifukwa mosiyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ambiri, imakhala ndi malo opanda mpweya wokhalamo. Mukagwa, imafa. Kotero zimakhala zikupezeka mu zakudya zam'chitini, zakudya zosasunthika, adyo yosungidwa mu mafuta ndi zakudya zochiritsidwa bwino. Izi zimangochitika kuti nitriyamu yachitsulo imakhala yothandiza kwambiri popewera kukula kwake.
Zomwe Zidali Zokhudza Nitrates ndi Nitrites
Popeza kuti sodium nitrate imapezeka mwachibadwa zakudya monga sipinachi, kaloti, ndi udzu winawake wambiri, kuphatikizapo kuti nitrite sinawonetsedwepo chifukwa cha khansa, zokangana zonse za nitrates ndi nitrites zingawoneke ngati zowonongeka zowonongeka.
Komanso, machitidwe akuti "zachirengedwe" kapena "organic" a mankhwalawa angathe kukhala ndi nitrate ya sodium zambirimbiri kuposa awo omwe amagwirizana nawo. Koma mukawona kuti kuchuluka kwa chithandizo cha botulism, ndiko kwenikweni mankhwala omwe alibe nitrate.