Chiwombankhanga cha German-Kukula ndi Kukolola
Spargelanbau ndi mawu achijeremani akuti "kulima katsitsumzukwa." Spargel (wotchedwanso Bleichspargel - bleached katsitsumzukwa) ndi mawu achijeremani akuti " katsitsumzukwa koyera ." Katsitsumzukwa kofiira kumatchedwa Grünspargel kapena grüner Spargel ndipo n'kovuta kupeza mu Germany.
Asparágus officinalis L. ndi mphukira yodyedwa ya chomera cholimidwa mumtundu wa taxonomic Asparagaceae ndi mitundu yoposa 300. Icho chikugwirizana kwambiri ndi banja la Lily ( Liliaceae ).
Katsitsumzukwa kumatuluka kuchokera pansi pa nthaka rhizomes (mtundu wa tsinde) kumayambiriro kwa masika. Chifukwa chomeracho ndi chosatha, katsitsumzukwa ndi chimodzi mwa masamba oyamba atsopano pamsika.
Zitsamba zofiirira ndi zoyera zili zofanana, koma kubzala mbewu kwa zaka zikwi ziwiri zapitazi kwatulutsa "mitundu" ndi hybrids yomwe ili ndi zizindikiro zosiyana. Ndicho chifukwa chake simungathe kutembenuza katsitsumzu koyera pamsana wofiira katsitsumzukwa powalola kuti ikule mu dothi.
Katsitsumzukwa kotembenuka kumadera ozizira ndikumakonda dothi lamchenga, lochepetsedwa bwino. Podziwa kuti n'zosadabwitsa kuti mphukirazo zimakhala ndi madzi okwana 95%! Katsitsumzukwa kamakhala kochepa kwambiri, ndi mavitamini ambiri ndi mchere, koma wobiriwira katsitsumzukwa uli ndi zakudya zambiri kuposa zoyera.
Katsitsumzukwa Madontho
Chotsamba katsitsumzukwa chaka choyamba ku Germany, chotchedwa Spargelzeit , chimapangitsa zikondwerero za zikondwerero, zikondwerero, ndi umisala. Konzani ulendo wopita ku Germany mu April kukadzionera nokha.
Katsitsumzukwa Koyera
Zosungunuka, Zachilengedwe, Ravel, ndi Braunschweig zakhala zikugwedezeka chifukwa cha mphukira zakuda, mitu yotsekedwa ndi kulawa kofatsa, kosakhala kowawa. Katsitsumzukwa koyera kumatengedwa ku Germany pakati pa April ndi June 24 chaka chilichonse. Mlimi amapanga mchenga ndi kompositi pa rootstocks kuti azitsuka pamene akukula.
Katsitsumzukwa kakuphuka kumatha kukula masentimita awiri kapena atatu pa tsiku mu nyengo yofunda.
Katsitsumzukwa kobiriwira
Kuwerenga, Giant, Palmetto, kapena Martha Washington zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthocyanin ya pansi (purple), yomwe imachepetsa mkwiyo. Zilibe zobiriwira kapena zowoneka ngati mitundu yoyera ndipo sizimasowetsedwa.
Violet Asparagus
Okondedwa m'mayiko ena monga France, katsitsumzukwa cha violet chimaonedwa kuti n'choperewera ndi katsitsumzukwa chakuda ku Germany. Mtundu umakula pamene katsitsumzukwa koyera kamadutsa mumatope ndi kuwala kukuwalira.
Katsitsumzukwa kofiira
Violetto d'Albenga ndi Purple Passion, amawombera zakudya zamchere, ali ndi shuga woposa 20 peresenti komanso osakanikirana kwambiri kuposa katsitsi katsitsi katsamba. Ndizatsopano zatsopano ndipo sizikuwoneka nthawi zambiri m'masitolo.
Katsitsumzu Koyera Kwakukulu Bwanji
Katsitsumzu koyera kumakhala kovuta kwambiri komwe kamatenga zaka zitatu kufikira nthawi yoyamba yokolola. Mazira (ndiwo ma rhizomes, koma ambiri omwe amatchedwa mizu) amayamba kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira ndipo zomera zimaloledwa kukula ndi maluwa kwa zaka ziwiri. M'chaka chachitatu, mlimi amalimpha mchenga ndi kompositi pamtengo wa rootstocks komanso kuyembekezera kutentha kwa kasupe.
Pa nthawi yokolola, ogwira ntchito amanyamuka m'mawa uliwonse asanatuluke ndi kusankha katsitsumzukwa pogwiritsa ntchito dzenje lakuya, akuwombera mpeni, akuwombera pansi, ndikuwombera mchenga pogwiritsa ntchito phokoso .
Makina sagwire ntchito chifukwa mphukira yotsuka katsitsumzukwa ili ndi phindu laling'ono.
Katsitsumzukwa khalidwe
Germany yagawaniza katsitsumzukwa m'masukulu okhwima, ofanana ndi USDA Gawo A, Kusankha, ndi zina. Masukulu a Spargel ndi awa:
- Zowonjezereka: Zing'onozing'ono m'mimba mwake 12 mm (masentimita 15/32), palibe zokopa zopanda pake, zowongoka bwino komanso zoyera. Ambiri okwera mtengo.
- Mapulogalamu apamwamba I (HK I): Osachepera madigiri 10 mm (3/8 inchi), kupindika kowala, kuwala (violet). Phindu lenileni.
- Manambala a Masamba II (HK II): Osachepera madigiri 8 mm (5/16 inch), mapesi amphuno amaloledwa, kutsegulidwa pang'ono maluwa, mtundu wambiri kuposa HK I ndi nthawi zina. Zabwino zokhala msuzi ndi ophunzira.
Ziribe kanthu kuti mumasankha khalidwe liti, katsitsumzukwa kakhala katsopano kapenanso mutaya ndalama zanu. Posankha katsitsumzukwa katsopano , yang'anani malo odulidwa ouma, mapesi omwe angakhale ndi chofufumitsa ndi fungo lokoma, osati wowawasa.
Musakhudze katsitsumzukwa pamsika wa ku Germany, komabe, pokhapokha ngati mukufuna kutengeredwa ndi wogulitsa. Funsani zitsanzo ndikupeza wogulitsa pogwiritsa ntchito anzanu ndi achibale anu.