Kaya Zapamwamba Kapena Zophika, Ndizokondedwa
Pisco ndizochititsa chidwi kwambiri ku South America ndi mbiri yakale komanso zotsatirazi. Dziko lonse la Peru ndi dziko la Chile likutumiza kunja kwa Pisco, ndipo mayiko onsewa akuti ndi oyambirira kupanga oledzera.
Pisco imapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa, yomwe ili ndi thovu ndipo imatulutsidwa kukhala "aguardiente". Ndizofunikira kwambiri pa pisco wowawa kwambiri ndipo amakondwerera ndi Pisco Sour Day (Dia del Pisco Sour) ku Peru.
Mbiri
Ogonjetsa a ku Spain anabweretsa mipesa ya ku mphesa ku South America kuti apange vinyo kuti azigulitsa ndi kutumiza kunja. Nkhaniyi imanena kuti pisco inakhala ngati njira yogwiritsira mphesa zotsalira zomwe zinali zosayenera popanga vinyo. Pisco kwenikweni ndi brandy, yopangidwa ndi distilling mphesa yamphesa.
Kodi brandy yodabwitsa imeneyi ili ndi dzina lake ndi yotani? Ena amati mawu akuti "pisco" amachokera ku liwu la Quechuan "pisqu," lomwe linali dzina la mbalame yomwe imapezeka m'chigwa cha Ica ku Peru. Angatchulidwe dzina la tauni ya Pisco, mzinda wa doko pafupi ndi Nazca Lines ku Peru komwe pisco inatumizidwa ku Lima. Dzinali amanenedwa kuti amachokera ku miphika yambiri ya Pre-Columbian, yomwe imatchedwa piscos, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupesa mphesa.
Pisco yakhazikitsidwa ku Chile kwa zaka mazana ambiri - zigawo izi nthawi zonse zidali mbali imodzi ya mgwirizano wa Spain. Mtsutso wamphamvu ngati pisco ndi wa Chile kapena Peru akupitiriza mpaka lero.
Kupanga
Pisco imapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa yomwe imakula m'madera ozungulira a Peru ndi Chile. Mphesa zimapangidwa ndi vinyo, kenako zimatulutsidwa. The result liqueur ndi mwachidule okalamba, ndiye botolo. Ku Peru, pisco sichitha kuchepetsedwa, malinga ndi malamulo okhwima kwambiri, omwe amalephera kupanga.
Ku Chile, pisco nthawi zina imasakanizidwa ndi madzi osungunuka kuti apeze zakumwa zosafunika.
Mitundu ya Pisco
Pali mitundu inayi ya pisco, yopangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu isanu ndi iwiri ya mphesa. Pisco puro amapangidwa kuchokera ku mphesa zakuda, zopanda zonunkhira, kawirikawiri ndi mtundu wa quebranta. Awa anali mphesa zoyambirira zomwe zinabweretsedwa kuchokera ku Spain, zomwe zikanati zinasintha ndi kusinthidwa ku malo awo atsopano, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi chidwi chapadera. Pisco aromatico imapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu ina yambiri ya fruity ndi zonunkhira: muscatel, italia, albilla, ndi torontel. Pisco acholado amapangidwa kuchokera ku mphesa yopanda zonunkhira ndi mitundu imodzi kapena yambiri ya zonunkhira. Pisco mosto verde amapangidwa kuchokera ku mphesa zochepa. Pisco puro ndi pisco acholado ndi mitundu yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga pisco.
Pisco Cocktails
Pisco ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa cocktails zingapo zosangalatsa. Ngakhale kuti pisco ali ndi mowa wochuluka (kuyambira 60 mpaka 100 umboni), umakonda kwambiri, ndipo anthu ambiri amasangalala kumwa mowa. Pisco amadziwika kuti amadabwa nthawi yoyamba ndi potency, makamaka pamene amasonkhana pa malo odyera. Pisco sours ndi otchuka kwambiri.
Lima amatenga ngongole chifukwa choyamba pisco wowawasa. Wopekayo amatchedwa bartender wa ku North America, Victor Morris - wotchedwa "Gringo Morris" - m'ma 1920, omwe anali ndi Morris Bar, pafupi ndi mtima wa mzinda ku Plaza de Armas.
Kuphatikiza pa pisco, zowonjezera zowonjezera pisco wowawasa ndi pisco, mandimu yowonjezera kwambiri, dzira loyera ndi angostura bitters . Kukonzekera koyambirira kumagwedezeka pa ayezi, koma imapangidwanso "chisanu" mu blender ndi ayezi wosweka. Pamene pisco wowawasa amatsanulira mu galasi (kawirikawiri ndi galasi lakale kwambiri), dzira loyera liyenera kukhala lopanda theka lachitsulo pamwamba pa galasi. Ma bitters amawaza pamwamba pa chithovu.
Pali zina zambiri zamakono zozizira pisco:
- Algarrobina, chovala chokongoletsera chopangidwa ndi manyuchi a algarrobina ndi mkaka wokhazikika
- Chilumba (pisco ndi ginger ale)
- Malo odyera a Krisimasi cola de mono ("mchira wa monkey").
Zowonongeka zatsopano za pisco zimapangidwanso, ndipo ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zipatso zachilengedwe zachilengedwe ku South America. Maracuya akugwedeza amapangidwa ndi chilakolako cha zipatso, ndipo ayanmanto wowawa kwambiri amapangidwa ndi zipatso za tomatillo.
Mabokosi a mango amasangalatsa kwambiri.