Mchere wa pinki ndi dzina lodziwika kwambiri la osakaniza wa sodium chloride, kapena tebulo mchere, ndi sodium nitrite . Amatchedwanso InstaCure, Poda ya Prague, ndi "Pökelsalz" m'Chijeremani. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nyama kotero kuti poizoni ya botulinum silingapangidwe. Mchere wa pinki ndi poizoni kwa anthu koma sulipo pomalizira, wophika pa mlingo wokwanira wokwanira chifukwa cha matenda kapena imfa.
Mchere wa pinki ndi wofiira pinki mu mtundu kotero sungasokonezedwe ndi mchere wa mchere.
Nitrite imapatsa mtundu komanso zakudya zochiritsira.
Chiyambi - Botulism Hazard
Pamene ankadziwika kuti matenda a soseji kapena poizoni , botulism inatchulidwa kuti " botulus ," mawu achilatini a soseji. Yoyamba inafotokozedwa ku Germany ndi Justinus Kerner ku Wurttemberg mu 1817, ngakhale kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi poizoni sitinazindikiridwe mpaka 1895 ndi Emile Pierre van Ermengem, pulofesa pa yunivesite ya Ghent.
Clostridium botulinum ndi dzina la gram positive, loyenera anaerobic (silingakulire mu kukhalapo kwa mpweya) umene ulipo m'nthaka ndi madzi . Ma spores okhazikika akhoza kukhala ndi mlengalenga ndipo amatha kukhala pa chakudya. Ngati imapeza malo abwino; asidi otsika komanso oxygen yaing'ono kapena yopanda mphamvu, idzakula ndi kuberekana.
Ngati mabakiteriya amawulitsa akhoza kupanga poizoni wotchedwa botulinum ndipo amachititsa botulism , matenda obwera chifukwa cha zakudya omwe amayamba chifukwa chomwa poizoni.
N'zovuta kupha; spores amalekerera kutentha kwa 212 ° F (100 ° C) kuti kutentha kwa 240 - 250 ° F (120 ° C) kwa mphindi 5 mpaka 10 n'kofunikira kuti muwawononge iwo.
Izi zikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito kugwiritsira ntchito kupopera pakhomo pakhomo.
Ngati mabakiteriya amasiyidwa kukula ndi kupanga poizoni omwe amachititsa matenda, Kutentha chakudya kwa 10 - 20 mphindi kutentha pamwamba pa 176 ° F (kapena 80 ° C) kudzawononga kwambiri poizoni. Ichi ndi sitepe yachiwiri kuti muonetsetse kuti chakudya chamakono, chosakhala cha acidik ndi choyenera kudya.
Njira zina zothandizira mabakiteriya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zidulo monga vinyo wosasa mu maphikidwe amathaji, kuthira mapiritsi apamwamba, ndi masamba, pogwiritsa ntchito shuga kapena mchere (monga kupanikizana kapena pickles), kusunga chakudya kutentha pansi pa 38 ° F ( 3 ° C) ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nitrites kapena nitrates.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Nitrites
Nititema imaletsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya a anaerobic , omwe moyenerera amaletsa poizoni kupanga. Nitrates amasandulika nitrites pa nthawi yomwe imawapangitsa kukhala nthawi yotulutsidwa mawonekedwe a mankhwala osokoneza. Zonsezi ndizoopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mlingo waukulu. Kunyumba, ophika amaloledwa kugula nayitriamu ya sodium yomwe yadulidwa kale ndi mchere, kuchepetsa mwayi wodzala mowa mwadzidzidzi.
Nitrite amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyama panthawi ya kuchiritsidwa ndikusandulika nitric oxide, yomwe siidayipa. Mtedza wa nitrite mu zakudya zowonongeka sizowononga nthawi zambiri.
Nitrate -> Nitrite -> Nitric Oxide
Mafuta a Pinki Awiri Mafomu Aakulu: Chithandizo # 1 ndi Chithandizo # 2.
Mankhwala a pinki amachiritsidwa # 1 amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza nyama zonse zomwe zimafuna kuphika, kusamba , kusuta, kapena kumalongeza. Izi zikuphatikizapo nkhuku, nsomba, nyama, nyama yankhumba, nyama yam'chimanga, pate ndi zina. Zili ndi 93.75% mchere wamchere ndi 6.25% sodium nitrite.
ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mlingo wa supuni 1 pa mapaundi asanu a nyama.
Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito brine, gwiritsani ntchito 1/2 chikho Chonchi 1 pa galoni la madzi, kuphatikizapo 1 3/4 mchere wa tebulo, shuga 2 1/4 shuga ndi zonunkhira zomwe mukufuna.
Chithandizo # 2 chimapangidwira mankhwala owuma ochizira monga pepperoni, hard salami, prosciutti hams, soseji zouma ndi zinthu zina zomwe sizikusowa kuphika, kusuta kapena firiji. Supuni imodzi yamasipuni (kuchokera muyeso umodzi wa sodium nitrite (6.25%), 0,6 ounces sodium nitrate (4%) mpaka 1 pounds la mchere) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mapaundi asanu a nyama.
Machiritso samasinthasintha kotero tsatirani njira yomwe mumagwiritsira ntchito mozama ndikugwiritsanso ntchito njira yodalirika.
Musagwiritsire ntchito pinki mchere ngati mchere wamba wa mchere. Musati muziwaza izo pa chakudya chanu.
Powder, Pökelsalz, Chithandizo # 1 ndi Chithandizo # 2