Maphikidwe ambiri omwe amatetezedwa, kuphatikizapo jams ndi jellies makamaka, amafuna kuwonjezera pa pectin. Kotero ndi chiyani pectin, mwinamwake, ndipo chifukwa chiyani ndi mbali yofunikira yosungira?
Pectin ndi wowuma (a heteropolysaccharide, ngati muyenera kudziwa) omwe amapezeka mwachibadwa m'kati mwa makoma a zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Ndipotu, ndicho chinthu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti azitha kusintha. Pamene yophika ku kutentha kwakukulu (220 F) kuphatikizapo asidi ndi shuga, imapanga gel.
Izi ndi zomwe zimapatsa jams ndi jellies pamalo awo ozizira. Pectin ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa zakudya zina zomwe zimafuna kuti zakudya zisamafe. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito monga mafuta m'malo mwa zakudya zina.
Wopangidwa kuchokera ku Zipatso
Zipatso zina, monga maapulo ndi quince , mwachibadwa zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri pectin; Ichi ndichifukwa chake ali olimba kwambiri. Nyerere, nthanga, ndi nembanemba za zipatso za citrus zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri mu pectin - mpaka 30% polemera. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zimatengedwa kuchokera ku citrus. (Kusangalatsa: Mawu akuti "marmalade" amachokera ku Marmelada a Chipwitikizi, omwe amachokera ku marmelo , chifukwa cha quince. Mpaka zaka za m'ma 1700 ku England, zipatso za citrus zinayamba kupezeka mokwanira kuti tipeze tanthauzo la mawuwo. ) Ma pectins zamalonda amapangidwa kuchokera ku mitengo ya citrus.
Zipatso zina, makamaka zabwino kwambiri, sizipatsidwa pectin. Ganizirani za strawberries ndi raspberries, zomwe zimagwedeza mosavuta. Kwa zipatso izi, popanda pectin yowonjezeredwa, kukonzekera kumafuna kuwonjezera shuga ambiri, kuphika kwa nthawi yaitali, kapena onse awiri.
Ngati mukuyang'ana kupanga mavitamini kuchokera ku zipatso monga strawberries kuwonjezera pectin ndi njira yowonjezera yowonjezeranso shuga. Kuwonjezera pectin sayenera kusintha kusintha kwake.
Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa pectin mu chipatso chanu, yesani yesero ili. Sakanizani supuni imodzi ya tirigu mowa ndi supuni imodzi ya madzi anu a zipatso.
Ngati iyo imakhala yolimba, iyo ili pamwamba pa pectin. Ngati ilo limakhala losalala, gelatinous mass, ndi sing'anga pa pectin mlingo. Ngati sichiyikapo, kapena kupanga ma gel osakaniza, ndi otsika pectin.
Mafomu a Pectin
Kodi ndi pectin yotani imene mumagwiritsa ntchito. Dry pectin imabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, zogwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'kamwa. Pectin yamadzi ndi ofanana ndi nthawi zonse yowuma pectin koma isanawonongeke kuti ipewe kusungunuka. Pomona's Pectin ndi mtundu wotchuka wa mtundu wotchedwa methoxyl pectin, womwe umaphatikizapo ndi calcium mmalo mwa shuga kuti apange chikhazikitso, ndipo ndi zabwino kwa otsika kapena ayi. Ndipo mukhoza kupanga pectin yanu, pogwiritsa ntchito citrus kapena maapulo .
Mtundu uliwonse wa pectin umasiyana mosiyana, choncho ndibwino kutsatira ndondomeko yomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito. Ngati mutapeza kuti pangakhale zovuta kapena zofewa, mukhoza kusintha nthawi zonse. Nthaŵi zina, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pectins ikhoza kulowetsedwa, koma ndizofunika kudziŵa kuti ndi motani.